The Influence of the Reverse Early Effect on the Performance of Bandgap References

作者：A. van Staveren, C. J. M. Verhoeven, and A. H. M. van Roermund

摘要：In the literature three key-parameters are commonly used for the design of bipolar bandgap references: EG(bandgap energy), IS (saturation current) and XTI (exponent of the temperature behavior of IS). This paper shows that four key parameters exist: these three and VAR,the reverse Early voltage. This parameter models the influence of the base-width modulation at the base-emitter junction on the collector current. A general expression for the error in the output voltage caused by the reverse Early effect is derived and a comparison is made with other errors.