[MCU] 解决全志T113千奇百怪的 Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount ro...

aleksib 2023-7-31 10:44 楼主

## 传言道：80%的 Kernel panic 是都是同一个报错：
> 剩下 5% 是 init 设置错了，其余的是剩余各式各样的

```
---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block ]---
```

所以开个帖子，记录下遇到的那些奇奇怪怪的 VFS Panic 和解决方法

### 错误列表

* `[EXFAT] trying to mount...`并打印分区表：[https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/3](https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/3)
* 打印分区表出现 ` No filesystem could mount root, tried: xxx` ：[https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/4](https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/4)
* eMMC、TF卡、SDNAND启动卡在 `Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblockxxx...` 不动了：[https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/5](https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/5)
* SPI NAND、SPI NOR 启动卡在 `Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblockxxx...` 不动了：[https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/6](https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/6)
* rootfs格式设置都是正确的但是还是打印分区表然后 ` No filesystem could mount root, tried: xxx` ：[https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/7](https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/7)
* 报错 `Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported`：[https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/8](https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/8)

## 错误1
设备：全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2
错误描述：`[EXFAT] trying to mount...` 后 Panic，显示 MMC 分区表

## LOG

```
[  2.345878] [EXFAT] trying to mount...
[  2.350344] VFS: Cannot open root device "mmcblk0p5" or unknown-block(179,5): error -5
[  2.359283] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
[  2.368687] b300  15392768 mmcblk0
[  2.368690]driver: mmcblk
[  2.376362] b301   17219 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45
[  2.376366]
[  2.386443] b302    1024 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46
[  2.386446]
[  2.396519] b303    1024 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47
[  2.396521]
[  2.406588] b304   16384 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48
[  2.406590]
[  2.416657] b305   16384 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49
[  2.416659]
[  2.426726] b306    1024 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a
[  2.426728]
[  2.436797] b307  15302828 mmcblk0p7 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4b
[  2.436799]
[  2.446875] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5)
[  2.456348] CPU0: stopping
[  2.459386] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #3
[  2.466119] Hardware name: Generic DT based system
[  2.471515] [<c010e048>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c010a788>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14)
[  2.480206] [<c010a788>] (show_stack) from [<c05f93e8>] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4)
[  2.488313] [<c05f93e8>] (dump_stack) from [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180)
[  2.496518] [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI) from [<c0329cbc>] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78)
[  2.505016] [<c0329cbc>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8)
[  2.513408] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88)
[  2.519077] 1f40: 000008d0 c7aba334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20
[  2.528253] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 00000001 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4
[  2.537424] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff
[  2.541342] [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc) from [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38)
[  2.549643] [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle) from [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128)
[  2.557845] [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle) from [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20)
[  2.566344] [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0)
[  2.575520] [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel) from [<00000000>] (0x0)
[  2.582170] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]---
```
## 解决

看到 `[EXFAT] trying to mount...` 不用慌，这只是一个障眼法，它真正的报错是 ` No filesystem could mount root, tried: xxx` 也就是没有找到可以挂载的格式。

因为 EXFAT 的驱动很特别，他一般是之前设置的格式都没法挂载后才会尝试 EXFAT。所以实际上错误与下一个要介绍的错误是相同的。

建议关闭 exfat 看看真正的报错是什么

## 错误2
设备：全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2
错误描述：显示分区表后 Panic，提示没有可供挂载的格式

## LOG

```
[  2.337965] List of all partitions:
[  2.341882] b300  15392768 mmcblk0
[  2.341885]driver: mmcblk
[  2.349544] b301   17219 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45
[  2.349547]
[  2.359627] b302    1024 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46
[  2.359630]
[  2.369712] b303    1024 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47
[  2.369714]
[  2.379784] b304   16384 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48
[  2.379786]
[  2.389853] b305   42232 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49
[  2.389855]
[  2.399921] b306    1024 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a
[  2.399923]
[  2.409989] b307  15302828 mmcblk0p7 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4b
[  2.409992]
[  2.420057] No filesystem could mount root, tried:
[  2.429837]squashfs
[  2.434530]
[  2.438364] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5)
[  2.447834] CPU0: stopping
[  2.450871] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #4
[  2.457595] Hardware name: Generic DT based system
[  2.462990] [<c010e048>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c010a788>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14)
[  2.471682] [<c010a788>] (show_stack) from [<c05ece28>] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4)
[  2.479789] [<c05ece28>] (dump_stack) from [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180)
[  2.487994] [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI) from [<c0329cbc>] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78)
[  2.496491] [<c0329cbc>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8)
[  2.504883] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88)
[  2.510552] 1f40: 00000a3c c7aba334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20
[  2.519728] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 c0b4b7e8 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4
[  2.528900] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff
[  2.532816] [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc) from [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38)
[  2.541118] [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle) from [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128)
[  2.549321] [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle) from [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20)
[  2.557819] [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0)
[  2.566996] [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel) from [<00000000>] (0x0)
[  2.573643] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]---
```

## 解决
检查下你的 rootfs 的格式，这里只支持 `squashfs` 看看你的 rootfs 是不是打包成 `ext4` 或者是其他什么格式的了。

## 错误3：
设备 全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2
错误描述：卡在 `Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5...` 不动了

## LOG
```
[  3.793291] Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5...
[  3.836994] random: crng init done
[  6.927839]
[  6.927839] insmod_device_driver
[  6.927839]
```
## 解决
看设备名：`ubiblock0_5`，`ubixxxx` 表示这是一个 SPI NAND 设备，如果是 SPI NOR 那一般是 `mtdxxxx`。
再看看我们实际的启动设备，是eMMC，是一个MMC设备，应该是 `mmcblkxxx` 这样的才对
检查下 bootargs 里的参数，看看 `root=` 后面是不是设置成 SPI FLASH 了

## 错误4：
设备 全志T113 + SPI NAND，SPI 0
错误描述：卡在 Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5... 不动了

## LOG
```
[  3.793291] Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5...
[  3.836994] random: crng init done
[  6.927839]
[  6.927839] insmod_device_driver
[  6.927839]
```
## 解决
看设备名：ubiblock0_5，ubixxxx 表示这是一个 SPI NAND 设备，如果是 SPI NOR 那一般是 mtdxxxx。
再看看我们实际的启动设备，也是 SPI NAND，那这里就对上了。
再看看咋们的设备树：
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-dhffnaLK-1690770200946)(/assets/uploads/files/1657271058379-ea4b47ee-ca68-4560-a670-90d02764d003-image.png)] 
好嘛，你把 SPI0 都 disable 了他咋启动啊，设置 okay 就好了

## 错误5
设备：全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2
错误描述：rootfs格式设置都是正确的，驱动也有，但是还是打印分区表然后提示没有可供挂载的格式

## LOG

```
[  2.337965] List of all partitions:
[  2.341882] b300  15392768 mmcblk0
[  2.341885]driver: mmcblk
[  2.349544] b301   17219 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45
[  2.349547]
[  2.359627] b302    1024 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46
[  2.359630]
[  2.369712] b303    1024 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47
[  2.369714]
[  2.379784] b304   16384 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48
[  2.379786]
[  2.389853] b305   16384 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49
[  2.389855]
[  2.399921] b306    1024 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a
[  2.399923]
[  2.409989] b307  15302828 mmcblk0p7 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4b
[  2.409992]
[  2.420057] No filesystem could mount root, tried:
[  2.420059]ext3
[  2.425525]ext2
[  2.427686]ext4
[  2.429837]squashfs
[  2.431988]vfat
[  2.434530]
[  2.438364] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5)
[  2.447834] CPU0: stopping
[  2.450871] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #4
[  2.457595] Hardware name: Generic DT based system
[  2.462990] [<c010e048>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c010a788>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14)
[  2.471682] [<c010a788>] (show_stack) from [<c05ece28>] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4)
[  2.479789] [<c05ece28>] (dump_stack) from [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180)
[  2.487994] [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI) from [<c0329cbc>] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78)
[  2.496491] [<c0329cbc>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8)
[  2.504883] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88)
[  2.510552] 1f40: 00000a3c c7aba334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20
[  2.519728] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 c0b4b7e8 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4
[  2.528900] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff
[  2.532816] [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc) from [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38)
[  2.541118] [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle) from [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128)
[  2.549321] [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle) from [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20)
[  2.557819] [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0)
[  2.566996] [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel) from [<00000000>] (0x0)
[  2.573643] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]---
```

## 解决
这一般是因为 rootfs 的数据错误，看一下是不是打包错了，把uboot打包进rootfs里了，或者是`root=`的分区搞错了，或者 rootfs 因为不正常关机损坏了

比如这里，`mmcblk0p4` 与 `mmcblk0p5` 容量一模一样的，肯定是打包错了

## 错误5

设备：T113 + TF 卡，SDC0
错误描述：rootfs格式设置都是正确的，驱动也有，报错 `Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported`

## LOG
```
[  4.049960] Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported
[  4.058133] [EXFAT] trying to mount...
[  4.062717] VFS: Cannot open root device "mmcblk0p5" or unknown-block(179,5): error -5
[  4.071559] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
[  4.080869] b300  30253056 mmcblk0
[  4.080872]driver: mmcblk
[  4.088504] b301     252 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45
[  4.088507]
[  4.098521] b302     252 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46
[  4.098524]
[  4.108544] b303     252 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47
[  4.108547]
[  4.118568] b304    8316 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48
[  4.118570]
[  4.128581] b305   30992 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49
[  4.128583]
[  4.138575] b306  30176111 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a
[  4.138577]
[  4.148600] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5)
[  4.158014] CPU0: stopping
[  4.161030] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #1
[  4.167708] Hardware name: Generic DT based system
[  4.173059] [<c010e048>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c010a788>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14)
[  4.181681] [<c010a788>] (show_stack) from [<c05f9108>] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4)
[  4.189727] [<c05f9108>] (dump_stack) from [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180)
[  4.197865] [<c010c3d8>] (handle_IPI) from [<c03299e4>] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78)
[  4.206291] [<c03299e4>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8)
[  4.214611] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88)
[  4.220234] 1f40: 00000c60 c7abb334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20
[  4.229331] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 00000001 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4
[  4.238429] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff
[  4.242314] [<c01021cc>] (__irq_svc) from [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38)
[  4.250551] [<c01080a4>] (arch_cpu_idle) from [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128)
[  4.258686] [<c013dbe4>] (do_idle) from [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20)
[  4.267114] [<c013dee0>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0)
[  4.276219] [<c0a00c80>] (start_kernel) from [<00000000>] (0x0)
[  4.282806] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]---
```
## 解决

`Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported`

SquashFS 不支持这个压缩格式

丢脸，看看你的 kernel menuconfig 里有没有打开 xz 压缩了，这不没开的嘛

![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/05396d88b3244e7a8d60cb270dbd138d.png#pic_center)

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