[作品提交] 【得捷电子Follow me第2期】+ 日历&时钟

swzswz 2023-9-10 16:42 楼主

本次最后一个任务是日历和时钟，日历和时钟，也就通过网络，利用API接口进行数据获取。本次通过高德地图获取天气数据，通过本地库获取时间。下面展开阐述。

# 一.准备工作
本次时钟与天气是分开阐述的，时间通过ntp库，连接服务器，进行时钟更新。天气利用高德API接口，通过将ip查找转换网络地址，再通过网络地址获取城市，最后通过城市，获取当地的天气，例如温度，湿度等等。
显示这个，需要用到中文库，借助第一期显示，需要用到中文字库转换。即将ttf字库转换为bdf,ocf文件。
需要用到的第三方库：

#二.函数功能讲解
本文定义了六个函数。
屏幕显示，屏幕显示借助中文字符，利用label显示字符，还可以控制屏幕区域，颜色
```python
def display_text_inboard(str_disp):
    display = board.DISPLAY
    board.DISPLAY.brightness = 0.8
    board.DISPLAY.rotation = 0
    font = bitmap_font.load_font("FZYTK.bdf")
    color = 0x494e8f
    str_disp = str_disp
    text_area = label.Label(font, text=str_disp, color=color)
    text_area.x = 15
    text_area.y = 25
    display.show(text_area)
```
wifi连接，不管是时钟还是天气，均需要联网
```python
def connect_wifi(ssid,password):
    ssid = ssid 
    password = password
    wifi.radio.connect(ssid = ssid, password = password)
    print(f"My IP address: {wifi.radio.ipv4_address}")
```

获取时间，这里用到ntp库，基体用法可以参考api，主要用到locatime和uodate两个函数。得到的时间信息是一个字典，空过键取值。
```python
def get_time():
    ntp = adafruit_ntp.NTP(pool, server="ntp.aliyun.com", tz_offset=8)
    rtc.RTC().datetime = ntp.datetime
    now = time.localtime()
    print("Current time:{}-{}-{}  {:02}:{:02}:{:02}".format(now.tm_year, now.tm_mon, now.tm_mday, now.tm_hour, 		      now.tm_min,now.tm_sec))
    time_str = "{}-{}-{}  {:2}:{:2}:{:2}".format(now.tm_year, now.tm_mon, now.tm_mday, now.tm_hour, now.tm_min, now.tm_sec)
    return time_str
```

获取网络IP,通过网络连接，利用ip查询获取网络ip。
```python
def get_ipv4(requests):
    requests = requests
    JSON_IP_URL = "http://ip.42.pl/raw"
    response = requests.get(JSON_IP_URL)
    ip_str  = response.text
    print(ip_str)
    return ip_str
```

高德API，需要注册高德API接口，新建应用，选择网络服务，获取接口应用。

获取城市，这个需要用到api，key后面参数填自己的key值。
```python
def get_city(ip_str,requests):
    ip_str = ip_str
    #key = key
    requests = requests
    str_data = 'https://restapi.amap.com/v3/ip?ip='+ip_str+'&output=JSON&key=xxxxxx'
    city = requests.get(str_data)
    print(city.json())
    city_str = city.json()
    city = city_str["city"]
    return city
```

获取天气，获取天气，控制键再分别获取地点，包括省和市位置，再获取天气，最后获取温度和湿度。
```python
def get_weather(time_str,city,requests):
    #key = key
    time_str = time_str
    city = city
    requests = requests
    response = requests.get('https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?city='+city+'&key=xxxxxx')
    weather = response.json()
    print(weather)
    temp_str = weather["lives"][0]["temperature_float"]
    humi_str = weather["lives"][0]["humidity_float"]
    str_city = weather["lives"][0]["city"]
    str_province = weather["lives"][0]["province"]
    str_weather = weather["lives"][0]["weather"]
    print(temp_str + '\n' + humi_str + '\n' + str_province + '\n' + str_city + '\n' + str_weather)
    str_wt = "时间："+ time_str + '\n' + "地点:"+ str_province + "省" + str_city + '\n'+ "天气:" + str_weather + '\n' + '温度:' + temp_str + '`C' + '  ' + '湿度:' + humi_str+ '%'
    return str_wt 
```

主程序，分别依次调用函数，注意函数依赖关系，将前者函数返回值作为下一个函数使用。
```python
if __name__  == "__main__":
    while True:
        ssid = "xxxxxx"   #你自己的wifi名称
        password = "xxxxxxx"     #你自己的wifi密码
        connect_wifi(ssid,password)
        pool = socketpool.SocketPool(wifi.radio)
        requests = adafruit_requests.Session(pool, ssl.create_default_context())
        #key = "be4bf595febd17451fe22077e30dca03"
        ip_str = get_ipv4(requests)
        time_str = get_time()
        display_text_inboard("时间更新中：" + "\n" + time_str)
        city = get_city(ip_str,requests)
        str_wt = get_weather(time_str,city,requests)
        display_text_inboard(str_wt)
```

总代码：
```python
import board
from adafruit_display_text import label
from adafruit_bitmap_font  import bitmap_font
import wifi
import rtc
import adafruit_ntp
import socketpool
import time
import ssl
import adafruit_requests

def display_text_inboard(str_disp):
    display = board.DISPLAY
    board.DISPLAY.brightness = 0.8
    board.DISPLAY.rotation = 0
    font = bitmap_font.load_font("FZYTK.bdf")
    color = 0x494e8f
    str_disp = str_disp
    text_area = label.Label(font, text=str_disp, color=color)
    text_area.x = 15
    text_area.y = 25
    display.show(text_area)

def connect_wifi(ssid,password):
    ssid = ssid 
    password = password
    wifi.radio.connect(ssid = ssid, password = password)
    print(f"My IP address: {wifi.radio.ipv4_address}")

def get_time():
    ntp = adafruit_ntp.NTP(pool, server="ntp.aliyun.com", tz_offset=8)
    rtc.RTC().datetime = ntp.datetime
    now = time.localtime()
    print("Current time:{}-{}-{}  {:02}:{:02}:{:02}".format(now.tm_year, now.tm_mon, now.tm_mday, now.tm_hour, now.tm_min,now.tm_sec))
    time_str = "{}-{}-{}  {:2}:{:2}:{:2}".format(now.tm_year, now.tm_mon, now.tm_mday, now.tm_hour, now.tm_min, now.tm_sec)
    return time_str

def get_ipv4(requests):
    requests = requests
    JSON_IP_URL = "http://ip.42.pl/raw"
    response = requests.get(JSON_IP_URL)
    ip_str  = response.text
    print(ip_str)
    return ip_str

def get_city(ip_str,requests):
    ip_str = ip_str
    #key = key
    requests = requests
    str_data = 'https://restapi.amap.com/v3/ip?ip='+ip_str+'&output=JSON&key=xxxxx'
    city = requests.get(str_data)
    print(city.json())
    city_str = city.json()
    city = city_str["city"]
    return city
    
def get_weather(time_str,city,requests):
    #key = key
    time_str = time_str
    city = city
    requests = requests
    response = requests.get('https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?city='+city+'&key=xxxxxxx')
    weather = response.json()
    print(weather)
    temp_str = weather["lives"][0]["temperature_float"]
    humi_str = weather["lives"][0]["humidity_float"]
    str_city = weather["lives"][0]["city"]
    str_province = weather["lives"][0]["province"]
    str_weather = weather["lives"][0]["weather"]
    print(temp_str + '\n' + humi_str + '\n' + str_province + '\n' + str_city + '\n' + str_weather)
    str_wt = "时间："+ time_str + '\n' + "地点:"+ str_province + "省" + str_city + '\n'+ "天气:" + str_weather + '\n' + '温度:' + temp_str + '`C' + '  ' + '湿度:' + humi_str+ '%'
    return str_wt

if __name__  == "__main__":
    while True:
        ssid = "xxxx"
        password = "xxxxx"
        connect_wifi(ssid,password)
        pool = socketpool.SocketPool(wifi.radio)
        requests = adafruit_requests.Session(pool, ssl.create_default_context())
        #key = "be4bf595febd17451fe22077e30dca03"
        ip_str = get_ipv4(requests)
        time_str = get_time()
        display_text_inboard("时间更新中：" + "\n" + time_str)
        city = get_city(ip_str,requests)
        str_wt = get_weather(time_str,city,requests)
        display_text_inboard(str_wt)

```

#三,现象
发现时间和天气可以更新，但是时间有点长，这个数据获取解析需要一定时间，另外显示文本也需要时间，有想法的大佬可以尝试用多线程试试。
<div id="player_f1b141d1439511122505769eb42dcaaf0" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">天气显示</div><br/>

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沙发 lugl4313820

发现时间和天气可以更新，但是时间有点长，这个数据获取解析需要一定时间，另外显示文本也需要时间，有想法的大佬可以尝试用多线程试试。

期待更加精彩的后续。

点赞 2023-9-21 16:16

[作品提交] 【得捷电子Follow me第2期】+ 日历&时钟

回复评论 （1）

沙发 lugl4313820

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