[MCU] 上海航芯ACM32G103开发板学习笔记10（OLED显示温湿度信息）

qzc0927 2024-1-22 20:04 楼主

## 12：OLED显示

采用IIC接口的0.96寸OLED来显示信息数据。高分辨率:128x64(和12864同分辨率,高PPI)，宽电压供电(3V~5V),兼容3.3V和5V电平逻辑,无需电平转换芯片。

### 12.1：硬件设计

产品接口定义如下：

![image-20240122111310370](https://boreyun.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/image-20240122111310370.png)

对应主板接口：

![image-20240122200247429](https://boreyun.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/image-20240122200247429.png)

对应SCL引脚为PA5.SDA引脚为PA6。

### 12.2：软件设计

群里用的是硬件的IIC接口来实现OLED的显示，我这里就采用软件模拟IIC来实现

1：首先定义GPIO引脚的信息

```C
#define DRV_OLED_GPIO    GPIOA
#define DRV_OLED_SCL_PIN   GPIO_PIN_5
#define DRV_OLED_SDA_PIN   GPIO_PIN_6
#define DRV_OLED_MODE    GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP
#define DRV_OLED_PULL    GPIO_PULLUP
#define DRV_OLED_DRIVE   GPIO_DRIVE_LEVEL3
#define DRV_OLED_ALTERNATE   GPIO_FUNCTION_0
#define DRV_OLED_CLK_ENABLE()  __RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE()

void I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PinState H_L)
{
    GPIO_WriteBit(DRV_OLED_GPIO,DRV_OLED_SDA_PIN,H_L);
}    
void I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PinState H_L)
{
    GPIO_WriteBit(DRV_OLED_GPIO,DRV_OLED_SCL_PIN,H_L);
}    
                
#define OLED_READ_SDA GPIO_ReadPin(DRV_OLED_GPIO,DRV_OLED_SDA_PIN)

```

2：配置OLED引脚输入和输出

```C
//初始化IIC
void OLED_IIC_Init(void)
{                        
    GPIO_InitTypeDefGPIO_InitStruct;
  /* EnableClock */
  DRV_OLED_CLK_ENABLE();

GPIO_InitStruct.Pin   = DRV_OLED_SCL_PIN|DRV_OLED_SDA_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode  = DRV_OLED_MODE;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull  = DRV_OLED_PULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Drive = DRV_OLED_DRIVE;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = DRV_OLED_ALTERNATE;

GPIO_Init(DRV_OLED_GPIO, &GPIO_InitStruct);    
    
    
    GPIO_WriteBit(DRV_OLED_GPIO, DRV_OLED_SCL_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    GPIO_WriteBit(DRV_OLED_GPIO, DRV_OLED_SDA_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);

}
```

接着进行模拟IIC时序：

```C
//产生IIC起始信号
void OLED_IIC_Start(void)
{
    OLED_SDA_OUT(); //sda线输出
    I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(4);
    
    I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    delay_us(4);
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    
}

//产生IIC停止信号
void OLED_IIC_Stop(void)
{
    OLED_SDA_OUT();//sda线输出
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
     delay_us(4);
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(4);                                 
}
//等待应答信号到来
//返回值：1，接收应答失败
//  0，接收应答成功
u8 OLED_IIC_Wait_Ack(void)
{
    u8 ucErrTime=0;
    OLED_SDA_IN();  //SDA设置为输入
    I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(1);     
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(1);   
    while(OLED_READ_SDA)
    {
        ucErrTime++;
        if(ucErrTime>250)
        {
            OLED_IIC_Stop();
            return 1;
        }
    }
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);    
    return 0;
} 
//产生ACK应答
void OLED_IIC_Ack(void)
{
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    OLED_SDA_OUT();
    I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    delay_us(2);
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(2);
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}
//不产生ACK应答        
void OLED_IIC_NAck(void)
{
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    OLED_SDA_OUT();
    I2C_Write_SDA(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(2);
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_SET);
    delay_us(2);
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}                                    
//IIC发送一个字节
//返回从机有无应答
//1，有应答
//0，无应答            
void OLED_IIC_Send_Byte(u8 txd)
{        
  u8 t;  
  OLED_SDA_OUT();   
    I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
  for(t=0;t<8;t++) 
  {     
        
        I2C_Write_SDA((txd&0x80)>>7);
        
  txd<<=1; 
  delay_us(2); 
        I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_SET);
  delay_us(2);
        I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
  delay_us(2); 
  }
  OLED_IIC_Wait_Ack();  
}     
//读1个字节，ack=1时，发送ACK，ack=0，发送nACK 
u8 OLED_IIC_Read_Byte(unsigned char ack)
{
    unsigned char i,receive=0;
    OLED_SDA_IN();//SDA设置为输入
  for(i=0;i<8;i++ )
    {
        I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_RESET);
  delay_us(2);
        I2C_Write_SCL(GPIO_PIN_SET);
  receive<<=1;
  if(OLED_READ_SDA)receive++; 
        delay_us(1); 
  }                   
  if (!ack)
  OLED_IIC_NAck();//发送nACK
  else
  OLED_IIC_Ack(); //发送ACK 
  return receive;
}

```

3：OLED初始化

```C
/*********************OLED初始化************************************/
void OLED_Init(void)
{
    delay_ms (500); //这里的延时很重要
    OLED_WrCmd(0xae);//--turn off oled panel
    OLED_WrCmd(0x00);//---set low column address
    OLED_WrCmd(0x10);//---set high column address
    OLED_WrCmd(0x40);//--set start line addressSet Mapping RAM Display Start Line (0x00~0x3F)
    OLED_WrCmd(0x81);//--set contrast control register
    OLED_WrCmd(Brightness); // Set SEG Output Current Brightness
    OLED_WrCmd(0xa1);//--Set SEG/Column Mapping 0xa0左右反置 0xa1正常
    OLED_WrCmd(0xc8);//Set COM/Row Scan Direction 0xc0上下反置 0xc8正常
    OLED_WrCmd(0xa6);//--set normal display
    OLED_WrCmd(0xa8);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
    OLED_WrCmd(0x3f);//--1/64 duty
    OLED_WrCmd(0xd3);//-set display offset    Shift Mapping RAM Counter (0x00~0x3F)
    OLED_WrCmd(0x00);//-not offset
    OLED_WrCmd(0xd5);//--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
    OLED_WrCmd(0x80);//--set divide ratio, Set Clock as 100 Frames/Sec
    OLED_WrCmd(0xd9);//--set pre-charge period
    OLED_WrCmd(0xf1);//Set Pre-Charge as 15 Clocks & Discharge as 1 Clock
    OLED_WrCmd(0xda);//--set com pins hardware configuration
    OLED_WrCmd(0x12);
    OLED_WrCmd(0xdb);//--set vcomh
    OLED_WrCmd(0x40);//Set VCOM Deselect Level
    OLED_WrCmd(0x20);//-Set Page Addressing Mode (0x00/0x01/0x02)
    OLED_WrCmd(0x02);//
    OLED_WrCmd(0x8d);//--set Charge Pump enable/disable
    OLED_WrCmd(0x14);//--set(0x10) disable
    OLED_WrCmd(0xa4);// Disable Entire Display On (0xa4/0xa5)
    OLED_WrCmd(0xa6);// Disable Inverse Display On (0xa6/a7)
    OLED_WrCmd(0xaf);//--turn on oled panel
    OLED_Fill(0x00); //初始清屏
    OLED_Set_Pos(0,0);
}
```

4：汉字显示

使用字符转换工具PCtoLCD2002，将要显示的信息，转换为字符串；

![image-20240122130846726](https://boreyun.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/image-20240122130846726.png)

具体字符如下：

```C
typedef struct
{
  unsigned char Index[2];
  unsigned char Msk[32];
} typFNT_GB16;
static const typFNT_GB16 tfont16[] =
{
"温",0x10,0x60,0x02,0x8C,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x04,0x04,0x7E,0x01,0x40,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x42,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x40,0x00,/*"温",3*/
"度",0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFC,0x25,0x26,0x24,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x00,
0x40,0x30,0x8F,0x80,0x84,0x4C,0x55,0x25,0x25,0x25,0x55,0x4C,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,/*"度",4*/
"湿",0x10,0x60,0x02,0x8C,0x00,0xFE,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x04,0x04,0x7E,0x01,0x44,0x48,0x50,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x50,0x48,0x44,0x40,0x00,/*"湿",2*/
}
```

编写字符显示函数：

```C
/******************************************************************************
  函数说明：显示单个16x16汉字
  入口数据：x,y显示坐标
      *s 要显示的汉字
      sizey 字号
      mode: 字符串S有几个汉字
  返回值：无
******************************************************************************/
void LCD_ShowChinese16x16(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint8_t *s, uint8_t sizey)
{
  uint8_t i= 0;
  uint16_t k;
  uint16_t HZnum;//汉字数目

HZnum = sizeof(tfont16) / sizeof(typFNT_GB16);    //统计汉字数目

for(k = 0; k < HZnum; k++)
  {
  if ((tfont16[k].Index[0] == *(s)) && (tfont16[k].Index[1] == *(s + 1)))
  {
       
    OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
    for(i = 0; i < sizey; i++)
    {
      OLED_WrDat(tfont16[k].Msk[i]);
    }
    OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
    for(i = 0; i < sizey; i++)
    {
      OLED_WrDat(tfont16[k].Msk[i+sizey]);
    } 
    
  }

}
   
} 
```

具体获取温湿度数据就不展开了。

### 12.3：测试结果输出

将获取到的温湿度信息通过OLED显示出来：

![image-20240122195955748](https://boreyun.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/image-20240122195955748.png)

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