[讨论] 【STM32U5A5ZJ开发板】 ADC DMA测试及UART输出

bigbat 2024-2-18 12:24 楼主

STM32U5A5ZJ开发板使用的芯片配置有多达3个ADC通道，分别为ADC1、ADC2、ADC4，ADC1通道的采样为14bit，使用超采样技术可以达到16bit，本次测试只使用了ADC4通道配合GPDMA进行采集，ST公司虽然配置了STM32Cube的STM32U5XXX的设置，但是却没有提供HAL库的相关设置只提供了部分较为底层的LL库设置代码。所以需要更加深入的了解芯片的相关设置。

1、芯片的时钟设置。

STM32U5A5ZJ的时钟设置对于较为基础的STM32F系列增加了很多低功耗的设置，本身ST的时钟功能就较为丰富导致设置比较复杂，增加了低功耗以后就又增加了复杂度。希望各位网友有关ST公司较为完整的全面的中文资料请告知。

本次测试使用外部晶振，所以不涉及低功耗内容。

ADC的时钟也相应的设置为HSE，设置ADC的工作时钟为16MHZ。个人经验：外部时钟似乎能够提高ADC的稳定性，没有严格验证

2、ADC通道设置

本次测试使用ADC4通道配合GPDMA采集，设置为ADC4的IN4通道引脚PC3，

ADC4通道的设置除了通道设置外还有几个较为重要的设置，

（1）采样率设置，时钟分频设置为1，ADC4通道的工作频率为HSE的16MHZ，采样时间周期为1.5个采样周期，

（2）采样精度，设置为12bit，因为ADC4最高为12bit

（3）ADC4的DMA设置需要转到GPDMA的设置。

上图为具体的设置。

3、GPDMA设置

DMA通道设置为10，模式为Linked-List，这是一种新的DMA内存模式，传统的DMA只能使用连续的内存块，所以对内存的要求较为严格，因此DMA的长度受到一定的限制。而链接表结构则可以不使用连续的内存空间。但是结构较为复杂。GPDMA的设置为两个重要部分，

（1）工作模式设置，工作模式为连续模式，端口为Port1 （2）LINKED链接表设置

除了工作模式外，还需要设置链接表，ST公司提供了链接表的设置工具。链接实际为数据结构中的队列结构。

找到LINKEDLIST项目，设置GPDMA的各项参数，主要设置：队列名称：ADCQueue，链表数据结构：GPDMA，工作模式：Circular，队列头指针：ADCNode

指针节点设置。

4、main主程序

程序主要是引入DMA队列控制初始化和ADC工作设置。

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * [url=home.php?mod=space&uid=1307177]@File[/url] : main.c
  * [url=home.php?mod=space&uid=159083]@brief[/url] : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * [url=home.php?mod=space&uid=1020061]@attention[/url] *
  * Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

#include <stdio.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
#if defined(__ICCARM__)
/* New definition from EWARM V9, compatible with EWARM8 */
int iar_fputc(int ch);
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int putchar(int ch)
#elif defined ( __CC_ARM ) || defined(__ARMCC_VERSION)
/* ARM Compiler 5/6*/
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
#endif /* __ICCARM__ */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
uint32_t uhADCxConvertedData_Voltage_mVolt = 0;  /* Value of voltage calculated from ADC conversion data (unit: mV) */
/* USER CODE END PM */
#define ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE   ((uint32_t)  32)   /* Size of array aADCxConvertedData[] */
uint32_t aADCxConvertedData[ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc4;

DMA_HandleTypeDef handle_GPDMA1_Channel10;

UART_HandleTypeDef hlpuart1;
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void SystemPower_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_GPDMA1_Init(void);
static void MX_ADC4_Init(void);
static void MX_LPUART1_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_ICACHE_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* Configure the System Power */
  SystemPower_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_GPDMA1_Init();
  MX_ADC4_Init();
  MX_LPUART1_UART_Init();
  MX_ICACHE_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  MX_ADCQueue_Config();
  __HAL_LINKDMA(&hadc4, DMA_Handle, handle_GPDMA1_Channel10);
  if (HAL_DMAEx_List_LinkQ(&handle_GPDMA1_Channel10, &ADCQueue) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc4,
                        (uint32_t *)aADCxConvertedData,
                        (ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE)
                       ) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */
		HAL_Delay(200);
		for(uint16_t i=0;i<ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE;i++)
    {
				uhADCxConvertedData_Voltage_mVolt += aADCxConvertedData[i];
		}
		
		printf("mVolt=%d \n",uhADCxConvertedData_Voltage_mVolt/ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
		uhADCxConvertedData_Voltage_mVolt = 0;
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  if (HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMBOOST = RCC_PLLMBOOST_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = 2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = 2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE = RCC_PLLVCIRANGE_1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLFRACN = 0;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK3;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB3CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief Power Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
static void SystemPower_Config(void)
{

  /*
   * Disable the internal Pull-Up in Dead Battery pins of UCPD peripheral
   */
  HAL_PWREx_DisableUCPDDeadBattery();

  /*
   * Switch to SMPS regulator instead of LDO
   */
  if (HAL_PWREx_ConfigSupply(PWR_SMPS_SUPPLY) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
/* USER CODE BEGIN PWR */
/* USER CODE END PWR */
}

/**
  * @brief ADC4 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_ADC4_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC4_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC4_Init 0 */

  ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC4_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC4_Init 1 */

  /** Common config
  */
  hadc4.Instance = ADC4;
  hadc4.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_ASYNC_DIV1;
  hadc4.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
  hadc4.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
  hadc4.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC4_SCAN_DISABLE;
  hadc4.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
  hadc4.Init.LowPowerAutoPowerOff = ADC_LOW_POWER_NONE;
  hadc4.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
  hadc4.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc4.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
  hadc4.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc4.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
  hadc4.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
  hadc4.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE;
  hadc4.Init.TriggerFrequencyMode = ADC_TRIGGER_FREQ_LOW;
  hadc4.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_PRESERVED;
  hadc4.Init.SamplingTimeCommon1 = ADC4_SAMPLETIME_1CYCLE_5;
  hadc4.Init.SamplingTimeCommon2 = ADC4_SAMPLETIME_1CYCLE_5;
  hadc4.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
  if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Configure Regular Channel
  */
  sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_4;
  sConfig.Rank = ADC4_REGULAR_RANK_1;
  sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC4_SAMPLINGTIME_COMMON_1;
  sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
  sConfig.Offset = 0;
  if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc4, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC4_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC4_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief GPDMA1 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPDMA1_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN GPDMA1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END GPDMA1_Init 0 */

  /* Peripheral clock enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPDMA1_CLK_ENABLE();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN GPDMA1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END GPDMA1_Init 1 */
  handle_GPDMA1_Channel10.Instance = GPDMA1_Channel10;
  handle_GPDMA1_Channel10.InitLinkedList.Priority = DMA_LOW_PRIORITY_LOW_WEIGHT;
  handle_GPDMA1_Channel10.InitLinkedList.LinkStepMode = DMA_LSM_FULL_EXECUTION;
  handle_GPDMA1_Channel10.InitLinkedList.LinkAllocatedPort = DMA_LINK_ALLOCATED_PORT1;
  handle_GPDMA1_Channel10.InitLinkedList.TransferEventMode = DMA_TCEM_LAST_LL_ITEM_TRANSFER;
  handle_GPDMA1_Channel10.InitLinkedList.LinkedListMode = DMA_LINKEDLIST_CIRCULAR;
  if (HAL_DMAEx_List_Init(&handle_GPDMA1_Channel10) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_DMA_ConfigChannelAttributes(&handle_GPDMA1_Channel10, DMA_CHANNEL_NPRIV) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN GPDMA1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END GPDMA1_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief ICACHE Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_ICACHE_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ICACHE_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END ICACHE_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ICACHE_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END ICACHE_Init 1 */

  /** Enable instruction cache in 1-way (direct mapped cache)
  */
  if (HAL_ICACHE_ConfigAssociativityMode(ICACHE_1WAY) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_ICACHE_Enable() != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ICACHE_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END ICACHE_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief LPUART1 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_LPUART1_UART_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN LPUART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END LPUART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN LPUART1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END LPUART1_Init 1 */
  hlpuart1.Instance = LPUART1;
  hlpuart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  hlpuart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  hlpuart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  hlpuart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  hlpuart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  hlpuart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  hlpuart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
  hlpuart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
  hlpuart1.FifoMode = UART_FIFOMODE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&hlpuart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&hlpuart1, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&hlpuart1, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&hlpuart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN LPUART1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END LPUART1_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief USART1 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  huart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
  huart1.Init.ClockPrescaler = UART_PRESCALER_DIV1;
  huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
{
  /* Place your implementation of fputc here */
  /* e.g. write a character to the USART1 and Loop until the end of transmission */
  HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);

  return ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

ADC工作设置

__HAL_LINKDMA(&hadc4, DMA_Handle, handle_GPDMA1_Channel10);
  if (HAL_DMAEx_List_LinkQ(&handle_GPDMA1_Channel10, &ADCQueue) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc4,
                        (uint32_t *)aADCxConvertedData,
                        (ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE)
                       ) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

首先连接DMA通道10和ADC4的句柄，__HAL_LINKDMA(&hadc4, DMA_Handle, handle_GPDMA1_Channel10);

连接后开始ADC采集，HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc4, (uint32_t *)aADCxConvertedData, (ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE) )

ADC为循环模式，工作开始后就可以自动的进行采集。

主程序中每个200毫秒，将采集数据平均后输出。