PIC16C55X
EPROM-Based 8-Bit CMOS Microcontroller
Devices included in this data sheet:
• PIC16C554
• PIC16C556
• PIC16C558
Pin Diagram
PDIP, SOIC, Windowed CERDIP
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
MCLR
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
•1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
RA1
RA0
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
High Performance RISC CPU:
• Only 35 instructions to learn
• All single-cycle instructions (200 ns), except for
program branches which are two-cycle
• Operating speed:
- DC - 20 MHz clock input
- DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
Device
PIC16C554
PIC16C556
PIC16C558
•
•
•
•
Program
Memory
512
1K
2K
Data
Memory
80
80
128
PIC16C55X
SSOP
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
MCLR
V
SS
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
•1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
RA1
RA0
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
PIC16C55X
Interrupt capability
16 special function hardware registers
8-level deep hardware stack
Direct, Indirect and Relative addressing modes
Peripheral Features:
• 13 I/O pins with individual direction control
• High current sink/source for direct LED drive
• Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit
programmable prescaler
Special Microcontroller Features (cont’d)
•
•
•
•
•
Programmable code protection
Power saving SLEEP mode
Selectable oscillator options
Serial in-circuit programming (via two pins)
Four user programmable ID locations
Special Microcontroller Features:
• Power-on Reset (POR)
• Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up
Timer (OST)
• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
CMOS Technology:
• Low-power, high-speed CMOS EPROM technology
• Fully static design
• Wide operating voltage range
- 2.5V to 5.5V
• Commercial, industrial and automotive tempera-
ture range
• Low power consumption
- < 2.0 mA @ 5.0V, 4.0 MHz
- 15
µ
A typical @ 3.0V, 32 kHz
- < 1.0
µ
A typical standby current @ 3.0V
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
This document was created with FrameMaker 4 0 4
DS40143A-page 1
PIC16C55X
Table of Contents
1.0
General Description ...................................................................................................................................3
2.0
PIC16C55X Device Varieties.....................................................................................................................5
3.0
Architectural Overview...............................................................................................................................7
4.0
Memory Organization ..............................................................................................................................11
5.0
I/O Ports...................................................................................................................................................21
6.0
Timer0 Module.........................................................................................................................................27
7.0
Special Features of the CPU ...................................................................................................................43
8.0
Instruction Set Summary .........................................................................................................................49
9.0
Development Support ..............................................................................................................................61
10.0
Electrical Specifications ...........................................................................................................................67
11.0
Packaging Information .............................................................................................................................77
Appendix A: Enhancements........................................................................................................................................85
Appendix B: Compatibility ...........................................................................................................................................85
Appendix C: PIC16/17 Microcontrollers ......................................................................................................................86
PIC14XXX Family of Devices........................................................................................................................................86
PIC16C5X Family of Devices ........................................................................................................................................87
PIC16C55X Family of Devices ......................................................................................................................................88
PIC16C62X Family of Devices ......................................................................................................................................89
PIC16C6X Family of Devices ........................................................................................................................................90
PIC16C7X Family of Devices ........................................................................................................................................91
PIC16C8X Family of Devices ........................................................................................................................................92
PIC17CXX Family of Devices........................................................................................................................................93
Pin Compatibility............................................................................................................................................................94
Index..............................................................................................................................................................................95
Connecting to Microchip BBS........................................................................................................................................99
Reader Response .......................................................................................................................................................100
To Our Valued Customers
We constantly strive to improve the quality of all our products and documentation. We have spent an exceptional
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DS40143A-page 2
Preliminary
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16C55X
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PIC16C55X are 18 and 20-Pin EPROM-based
members of the versatile PIC16CXX family of low-cost,
high-performance,
CMOS,
fully-static,
8-bit
microcontrollers.
All PIC16/17 microcontrollers employ an advanced
RISC architecture. The PIC16C55X have enhanced
core features, eight-level deep stack, and multiple
internal and external interrupt sources. The separate
instruction and data buses of the Harvard architecture
allow a 14-bit wide instruction word with the separate
8-bit wide data. The two-stage instruction pipeline
allows all instructions to execute in a single-cycle,
except for program branches (which require two
cycles). A total of 35 instructions (reduced instruction
set) are available. Additionally, a large register set
gives some of the architectural innovations used to
achieve a very high performance.
PIC16C55X microcontrollers typically achieve a 2:1
code compression and a 4:1 speed improvement over
other 8-bit microcontrollers in their class.
The PIC16C554 and PIC16C556 have 80 bytes of
RAM. The PIC16C558 has 128 bytes of RAM. Each
device has 13 I/O pins and an 8-bit timer/counter with
an 8-bit programmable prescaler.
PIC16C55X devices have special features to reduce
external components, thus reducing cost, enhancing
system reliability and reducing power consumption.
There are four oscillator options, of which the single pin
RC oscillator provides a low-cost solution, the LP
oscillator minimizes power consumption, XT is a
standard crystal, and the HS is for High Speed crystals.
The SLEEP (power-down) mode offers power saving.
The user can wake up the chip from SLEEP through
several external and internal interrupts and reset.
A highly reliable Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip
RC oscillator provides protection against software
lock- up.
A UV-erasable CERDIP-packaged version is ideal for
code development while the cost-effective One-Time
Programmable (OTP) version is suitable for production
in any volume.
Table 1-1 shows the features of the PIC16C55X
mid-range microcontroller families.
A simplified block diagram of the PIC16C55X is shown
in Figure 3-1.
The PIC16C55X series fit perfectly in applications
ranging from motor control to low-power remote sen-
sors. The EPROM technology makes customization of
application programs (detection levels, pulse genera-
tion, timers, etc.) extremely fast and convenient. The
small footprint packages make this microcontroller
series perfect for all applications with space limitations.
Low-cost, low-power, high-performance, ease of use
and I/O flexibility make the PIC16C55X very versatile.
1.1
Family and Upward Compatibility
Those users familiar with the PIC16C5X family of
microcontrollers will realize that this is an enhanced
version of the PIC16C5X architecture. Please refer to
Appendix A for a detailed list of enhancements. Code
written for PIC16C5X can be easily ported to
PIC16C55X family of devices (Appendix B).
The PIC16C55X family fills the niche for users wanting
to migrate up from the PIC16C5X family and not need-
ing various peripheral features of other members of the
PIC16XX mid-range microcontroller family.
1.2
Development Support
The PIC16C55X family is supported by a full-featured
macro assembler, a software simulator, an in-circuit
emulator, a low-cost development programmer and a
full-featured programmer. A “C” compiler and fuzzy
logic support tools are also available.
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
This document was created with FrameMaker 4 0 4
DS40143A-page 3
PIC16C55X
TABLE 1-1:
PIC16C55X FAMILY OF DEVICES
Clock
n
(M
)
Hz
Memory
y
Peripherals
Features
I/O
M
ax
im
Pi
um
O
a
PR
Dat
E
80
80
128
M
m
Ti
TMR0
TMR0
TMR0
e
rr
te
In
ns
Fr
e
e
qu
n
cy
of
O
p
a
er
tio
o
Pr
em
g
m
ra
M
em
s)
or
o
ry
e
yt
(b
M
od
M
r
u
(
le
s)
t
up
So
ce
ur
s
l
Vo
ta
ge
R
a
e
ng
(
l
Vo
ts
)
P
ag
ck
a
es
PIC16C554
PIC16C556
PIC16C558
20
20
20
512
1K
2K
3
3
3
13
13
13
2.5-5.5 18-pin DIP, SOIC; 20-pin SSOP
2.5-5.5 18-pin DIP, SOIC; 20-pin SSOP
2.5-5.5 18-pin DIP, SOIC; 20-pin SSOP
All PIC16/17 Family devices have Power-on Reset, selectable Watchdog Timer, selectable code pro-
tect and high I/O current capability.
All PIC16C55X Family devices use serial programming with clock pin RB6 and data pin RB7.
DS40143A-page 4
Preliminary
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16C55X
2.0
PIC16C55X DEVICE VARIETIES
2.3
A variety of frequency ranges and packaging options are
available. Depending on application and production
requirements the proper device option can be selected
using the information in the PIC16C55X Product
Identification System section at the end of this data
sheet. When placing orders, please use this page of the
data sheet to specify the correct part number.
Quick-Turnaround-Production (QTP)
Devices
2.1
UV Erasable Devices
The UV erasable version, offered in CERDIP package
is optimal for prototype development and pilot
programs. This version can be erased and
reprogrammed to any of the oscillator modes.
Microchip's
PICSTART
®
and
PROMATE
™
programmers both support programming of the
PIC16C55X.
Microchip offers a QTP Programming Service for
factory production orders. This service is made
available for users who choose not to program a
medium to high quantity of units and whose code pat-
terns have stabilized. The devices are identical to the
OTP devices but with all EPROM locations and config-
uration options already programmed by the factory.
Certain code and prototype verification procedures
apply before production shipments are available.
Please contact your Microchip Technology sales office
for more details.
2.4
Serialized
Quick-Turnaround-Production
(SQTP
SM
) Devices
2.2
One-Time-Programmable (OTP)
Devices
The availability of OTP devices is especially useful for
customers who need the flexibility for frequent code
updates and small volume applications. In addition to
the program memory, the configuration bits must also
be programmed.
Microchip offers a unique programming service where
a few user-defined locations in each device are
programmed with different serial numbers. The serial
numbers may be random, pseudo-random or
sequential.
Serial programming allows each device to have a
unique number which can serve as an entry-code,
password or ID number.
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
This document was created with FrameMaker 4 0 4
DS40143A-page 5
