PIC16C6X
8-Bit CMOS Microcontrollers
Devices included in this data sheet:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PIC16C61
PIC16C62
PIC16C62A
PIC16CR62
PIC16C63
PIC16C64
PIC16C64A
PIC16CR64
PIC16C65
PIC16C65A
• Selectable oscillator options
• Low-power, high-speed CMOS EPROM/ROM
technology
• Fully static design
• Wide operating voltage range: 2.5V to 6.0V
• Commercial, Industrial, and Automotive Tempera-
ture Range
• Low-power consumption:
- < 2 mA @ 5V, 4 MHz
- 15
µ
A typical @ 3V, 32 kHz
- < 1
µ
A typical standby current
PIC16C6X Microcontroller Core Features:
• High performance RISC CPU
• Only 35 single word instructions to learn
• All single cycle instructions (200 ns) except for
program branches which are two-cycle
• Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input
DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
• Interrupt capability
• Eight level deep hardware stack
• Direct, indirect, and relative addressing modes
• Power-on Reset (POR)
• Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up
Timer (OST)
• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
• Programmable code-protection
• Power saving SLEEP mode
PIC16C6X Features
Program Memory (EPROM)
(ROM)
Data Memory (Bytes)
I/O Pins
Parallel Slave Port
Capture/Compare/PWM Module
Timer Modules
Serial Communication
In-Circuit Serial Programming
Brown-out Reset
Interrupt Sources
Sink/Source Current (mA)
61
1K
—
36
13
—
—
1
—
Yes
—
3
62
2K
—
128
22
—
1
3
SPI/
I
2
C
Yes
—
7
62A
2K
—
128
22
—
1
3
SPI/
I
2
C
Yes
Yes
7
25/25
PIC16C6X Peripheral Features:
• Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with prescaler
• Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler. TMR1
can be incremented during sleep via external
crystal/clock
• Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with period register,
prescaler and postscaler
• Capture/Compare/PWM module(s)
• Capture is 16-bit, max resolution 12.5 ns, com-
pare is 16-bit, max resolution 200 ns, max. PWM
resolution is 10-bit.
• Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with SPI and I
2
C
™
• Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter (USART/SCI)
• Parallel Slave Port (PSP) 8-bits wide, with exter-
nal RD, WR and CS controls
• Brown-out detection circuitry for Brown-out Reset
(BOR)
R62
—
2K
128
22
—
1
3
SPI/
I
2
C
Yes
Yes
7
25/25
63
4K
—
192
22
—
2
3
SPI/I C,
USART
Yes
Yes
10
25/25
2
64
2K
—
128
33
Yes
1
3
SPI/
I
2
C
Yes
—
8
25/25
64A
2K
—
128
33
Yes
1
3
SPI/
I
2
C
Yes
Yes
8
25/25
R64
—
2K
128
33
Yes
1
3
SPI/
I
2
C
Yes
Yes
8
25/25
65
4K
—
192
33
Yes
2
3
2
65A
4K
—
192
33
Yes
2
3
SPI/I C, SPI/I
2
C,
USART USART
Yes
—
11
25/25
Yes
Yes
11
25/25
25/20 25/25
I
2
C is a trademark of Philips Corporation
SPI is a trademark of Motorola Corporation.
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30234B-page 1
This document was created with FrameMaker 4 0 4
PIC16C6X
Pin Diagrams
PDIP, SOIC, Windowed CERDIP
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
MCLR/V
PP
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
RA1
RA0
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
SDIP, SOIC, SSOP, Windowed CERDIP
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSO
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
SDIP, SOIC, SSOP, Windowed CERDIP
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
PIC16C61
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
SDIP, SOIC, Windowed CERDIP
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7/RX/DT
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
PIC16C62
PIC16CR62
PIC16C62A
PIC16C63
PDIP, Windowed CERDIP
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSO
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
RD0/PSP0
RD1/PSP1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
RB7
MCLR/V
PP
RB6
RA0
RB5
RA1
RB4
RA2
RB3
RA3
RB2
RA4/T0CKI
RB1
RA5/SS
RB0/INT
RE0/RD
V
DD
RE1/WR
V
SS
RE2/CS
V
DD
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
OSC1/CLKIN
RD4/PSP4
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC7
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC6
RC1/T1OSI
RC5/SDO
RC2/CCP1
RC4/SDI/SDA
RC3/SCK/SCL
RD3/PSP3
RD0/PSP0
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
RB7
MCLR/V
PP
RB6
RA0
RB5
RA1
RB4
RA2
RB3
RA3
RB2
RA4/T0CKI
RB1
RA5/SS
RB0/INT
RE0/RD
V
DD
RE1/WR
V
SS
RE2/CS
V
DD
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
OSC1/CLKIN
RD4/PSP4
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC7
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC6
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
RC5/SDO
RC2/CCP1
RC4/SDI/SDA
RC3/SCK/SCL
RD3/PSP3
RD0/PSP0
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7/RX/DT
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
PIC16C65
PIC16C65A
PIC16C64A
PIC16CR64
PIC16C64
DS30234B-page 2
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16C6X
Pin Diagrams (Cont.’d)
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSO
NC
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR/V
PP
NC
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
NC
MQFP
PLCC
RC7
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
V
DD
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
PIC16C64
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
NC
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
OSC1/CLKIN
V
SS
V
DD
RE2/CS
RE1/WR
RE0/RD
RA5/SS
RA4/T0CKI
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
PIC16C64
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI
NC
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR/V
PP
NC
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
MQFP,
TQFP (PIC16C64A only)
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR/V
PP
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
NC
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
NC
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSO
PLCC
RC7
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
V
DD
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
PIC16C64A
PIC16CR64
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
NC
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
OSC1/CLKIN
V
SS
V
DD
RE2/CS
RE1/WR
RE0/RD
RA5/SS
RA4/T0CKI
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
NC
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
PIC16C64A
PIC16CR64
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
NC
MQFP,
TQFP (PIC16C65A only)
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR/V
PP
NC
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
RC7/RX/DT
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
V
DD
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR/V
PP
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
NC
NC
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI
PLCC
PIC16C65
PIC16C65A
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
NC
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
OSC1/CLKIN
V
SS
V
DD
RE2/CS
RE1/WR
RE0/RD
RA5/SS
RA4/T0CKI
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
NC
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
PIC16C65
PIC16C65A
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7/RX/DT
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR/V
PP
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
NC
NC
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI /CCP2
DS30234B-page 3
PIC16C6X
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
24.0
25.0
26.0
General Description ...........................................................................................................................................5
PIC16C6X Device Varieties...............................................................................................................................7
Architectural Overview.......................................................................................................................................9
Memory Organization ......................................................................................................................................19
I/O Ports...........................................................................................................................................................47
Overview of Timer Modules .............................................................................................................................59
Timer0 Module.................................................................................................................................................61
Timer1 Module.................................................................................................................................................67
Timer2 Module.................................................................................................................................................71
Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) Module(s) ......................................................................................................73
Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) Module...........................................................................................................79
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART) Module .............................................95
Special Features of the CPU .........................................................................................................................111
Instruction Set Summary ...............................................................................................................................131
Development Support ....................................................................................................................................143
Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C61.........................................................................................................149
DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C61 .....................................................................159
Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C62/64....................................................................................................171
DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C62/64 ................................................................187
Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C62A/R62/64A/R64................................................................................189
DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C62A/R62/64A/R64 ............................................207
Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C65.........................................................................................................209
DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C65 .....................................................................225
Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C63/65A .................................................................................................227
DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C63/65A ..............................................................243
Packaging Information ...................................................................................................................................245
Index ..............................................................................................................................................................271
List of Examples ............................................................................................................................................277
List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................277
List of Tables .................................................................................................................................................279
Connecting to Microchip BBS ........................................................................................................................281
Reader Response..........................................................................................................................................282
For register and module descriptions in this data sheet, device legends show which devices apply to those sections.
For example, the legend below shows that some features of only the PIC16C62A, PIC16CR62, PIC16C63, PIC16C64A,
PIC16CR64, and PIC16C65A are described in this section.
Applicable Devices
61 62 62A R62 63 64 64A R64 65 65A
To Our Valued Customers
We constantly strive to improve the quality of all our products and documentation. We have spent an exceptional
amount of time to ensure that these documents are correct. However, we realize that we may have missed a few
things. If you find any information that is missing or appears in error, please use the reader response form in the
back of this data sheet to inform us. We appreciate your assistance in making this a better document.
DS30234B-page 4
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16C6X
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PIC16CXX is a family of low-cost, high-perfor-
mance, CMOS, fully-static, 8-bit microcontrollers.
All PIC16/17 microcontrollers employ an advanced
RISC architecture. The PIC16CXX microcontroller
family has enhanced core features, eight-level deep
stack, and multiple internal and external interrupt
sources. The separate instruction and data buses of
the Harvard architecture allow a 14-bit wide instruction
word with separate 8-bit wide data. The two stage
instruction pipeline allows all instructions to execute in
a single cycle, except for program branches (which
require two cycles). A total of 35 instructions (reduced
instruction set) are available. Additionally, a large reg-
ister set gives some of the architectural innovations
used to achieve a very high performance.
PIC16CXX microcontrollers typically achieve a 2:1
code compression and a 4:1 speed improvement over
other 8-bit microcontrollers in their class.
The
PIC16C61
device has 36 bytes of RAM and 13 I/O
pins. In addition a timer/counter is available.
The
PIC16C62/62A/R62
devices have 128 bytes of
RAM and 22 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral
features are available, including: three timer/counters,
one Capture/Compare/PWM module and one serial
port. The Synchronous Serial Port can be configured
as either a 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI
™
) or
the two-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus.
The
PIC16C63
device has 192 bytes of RAM and 22
I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral features are
available, including: three timer/counters, two Cap-
ture/Compare/PWM modules and two serial ports. The
Synchronous Serial Port can be configured as either a
3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or the two-wire
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. The Universal Syn-
chronous
Asynchronous
Receiver
Transmitter
(USART) is also know as a Serial Communications
Interface or SCI.
The
PIC16C64/64A/R64
devices have 128 bytes of
RAM and 33 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral
features are available, including: three timer/counters,
one Capture/Compare/PWM module and one serial
port. The Synchronous Serial Port can be configured
as either a 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or
the two-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. An 8-bit
Parallel Slave Port is also provided.
The
PIC16C65/65A
devices have 192 bytes of RAM
and 33 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral features
are available, including: three timer/counters, two Cap-
ture/Compare/PWM modules and two serial ports. The
Synchronous Serial Port can be configured as either a
3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or the two-wire
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. The Universal Syn-
chronous
Asynchronous
Receiver
Transmitter
(USART) is also known as a Serial Communications
Interface or SCI. An 8-bit Parallel Slave Port is also pro-
vided.
The PIC16C6X device family has special features to
reduce external components, thus reducing cost,
enhancing system reliability and reducing power con-
sumption. There are four oscillator options, of which the
single pin RC oscillator provides a low-cost solution,
the LP oscillator minimizes power consumption, XT is
a standard crystal, and the HS is for High Speed crys-
tals. The SLEEP (power-down) mode offers a power
saving mode. The user can wake the chip from SLEEP
through several external and internal interrupts, and
reset(s).
A highly reliable Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip
RC oscillator provides protection against software lock-
up.
A UV erasable CERDIP packaged version is ideal for
code
development,
while
the
cost-effective
One-Time-Programmable (OTP) version is suitable for
production in any volume.
The PIC16C6X family fits perfectly in applications rang-
ing from high-speed automotive and appliance control
to low-power remote sensors, keyboards and telecom
processors. The EPROM technology makes customi-
zation of application programs (transmitter codes,
motor speeds, receiver frequencies, etc.) extremely
fast and convenient. The small footprint packages
make this microcontroller series perfect for all applica-
tions with space limitations. Low-cost, low-power, high
performance, ease-of-use, and I/O flexibility make the
PIC16C6X very versatile even in areas where no
microcontroller use has been considered before (e.g.
timer functions, serial communication, capture and
compare, PWM functions, and co-processor applica-
tions).
1.1
Family and Upward Compatibility
Those users familiar with the PIC16C5X family of
microcontrollers will realize that this is an enhanced
version of the PIC16C5X architecture. Please refer to
Appendix A for a detailed list of enhancements. Code
written for PIC16C5X can be easily ported to
PIC16CXX family of devices (Appendix B).
1.2
Development Support
The PIC16CXX family is supported by a full-featured
macro assembler, a software simulator, an in-circuit
emulator, a low-cost development programmer, and a
full-featured programmer. A “C” compiler and fuzzy
logic support tools are also available.
©
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30234B-page 5
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