M
Devices included:
• PIC16C72
• PIC16CR72
PIC16C72 SERIES
Pin Diagrams
SDIP, SOIC, SSOP,
Windowed Side Brazed Ceramic
MCLR/V
PP
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2
RA3/AN3/V
REF
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS/AN4
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
•1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
8-Bit CMOS Microcontrollers with A/D Converter
Microcontroller Core Features:
• High-performance RISC CPU
• Only 35 single word instructions to learn
• All single cycle instructions except for program
branches which are two cycle
• Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input
DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
• 2K x 14 words of Program Memory,
128 x 8 bytes of Data Memory (RAM)
• Interrupt capability
• Eight level deep hardware stack
• Direct, indirect, and relative addressing modes
• Power-on Reset (POR)
• Power-up Timer (PWRT) and
Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)
• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
• Programmable code-protection
• Power saving SLEEP mode
• Selectable oscillator options
• Low-power, high-speed CMOS technology
• Fully static design
• Wide operating voltage range:
- 2.5V to 6.0V (PIC16C72)
- 2.5V to 5.5V (PIC16CR72)
• High Sink/Source Current 25/25 mA
• Commercial, Industrial and Extended temperature
ranges
• Low-power consumption:
- < 2 mA @ 5V, 4 MHz
- 15
µA
typical @ 3V, 32 kHz
- < 1
µA
typical standby current
PIC16C72
PIC16CR72
Peripheral Features:
• Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit prescaler
• Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler,
can be incremented during sleep via external
crystal/clock
• Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period
register, prescaler and postscaler
• Capture, Compare, PWM (CCP) module
- Capture is 16-bit, max. resolution is 12.5 ns
- Compare is 16-bit, max. resolution is 200 ns
- PWM max. resolution is 10-bit
• 8-bit 5-channel analog-to-digital converter
• Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with
SPI
™
and I
2
C
™
• Brown-out detection circuitry for
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS39016A-page 1
PIC16C72 Series
Table of Contents
1.0 Device Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.0 Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.0 I/O Ports ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
4.0 Timer0 Module ........................................................................................................................................................................... 25
5.0 Timer1 Module ........................................................................................................................................................................... 27
6.0 Timer2 Module ........................................................................................................................................................................... 31
7.0 Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) Module ..................................................................................................................................... 33
8.0 Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) Module ..................................................................................................................................... 39
9.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) Module.................................................................................................................................. 53
10.0 Special Features of the CPU...................................................................................................................................................... 59
11.0 Instruction Set Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 73
12.0 Development Support................................................................................................................................................................. 75
13.0 Electrical Characteristics - PIC16C72 Series ............................................................................................................................. 77
14.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables - PIC16C72 ..................................................................................................... 97
15.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables - PIC16CR72 ................................................................................................ 107
16.0 Packaging Information.............................................................................................................................................................. 109
Appendix A: What’s New in this Data Sheet .................................................................................................................................. 115
Appendix B: What’s Changed in this Data Sheet........................................................................................................................... 115
Appendix C: Device Differences..................................................................................................................................................... 115
Index .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 117
On-Line Support................................................................................................................................................................................. 121
Reader Response .............................................................................................................................................................................. 122
PIC16C72 Series Product Identification System................................................................................................................................ 125
Sales and Support.............................................................................................................................................................................. 125
To Our Valued Customers
We constantly strive to improve the quality of all our products and documentation. We have spent an exceptional
amount of time to ensure that these documents are correct. However, we realize that we may have missed a few
things. If you find any information that is missing or appears in error, please use the reader response form in the
back of this data sheet to inform us. We appreciate your assistance in making this a better document.
Key Reference Manual Features
Operating Frequency
Resets
Program Memory - (14-bit words)
Data Memory - RAM (8-bit bytes)
Interrupts
I/O Ports
Timers
Capture/Compare/PWM Modules
Serial Communications
8-Bit A/D Converter
Instruction Set (No. of Instructions)
PIC16C72
DC - 20MHz
POR, PWRT, OST, BOR
2K (EPROM)
128
8
PortA, PortB, PortC
Timer0, Timer1, Timer2
1
Basic SSP
5 channels
35
PIC16CR72
DC - 20MHz
POR, PWRT, OST, BOR
2K (ROM)
128
8
PortA, PortB, PortC
Timer0, Timer1, Timer2
1
SSP
5 channels
35
DS39016A-page 2
Preliminary
©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16C72 Series
1.0
DEVICE OVERVIEW
This document contains device-specific information for
the operation of the PIC16C72 device. Additional infor-
mation may be found in the PICmicro™ Mid-Range
MCU Reference Manual (DS33023) which may be
downloaded from the Microchip website. The Refer-
ence Manual should be considered a complementary
document to this data sheet, and is highly recom-
mended reading for a better understanding of the
device architecture and operation of the peripheral
modules.
The PIC16C72 belongs to the Mid-Range family of the
PICmicro devices. A block diagram of the device is
shown in Figure 1-1.
The program memory contains 2K words which trans-
late to 2048 instructions, since each 14-bit program
memory word is the same width as each device instruc-
tion. The data memory (RAM) contains 128 bytes.
There are also 22 I/O pins that are user-configurable on
a pin-to-pin basis. Some pins are multiplexed with other
device functions. These functions include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
External interrupt
Change on PORTB interrupt
Timer0 clock input
Timer1 clock/oscillator
Capture/Compare/PWM
A/D converter
SPI/I
2
C
Table 1-1 details the pinout of the device with descrip-
tions and details for each pin.
FIGURE 1-1:
PIC16C72/CR72 BLOCK DIAGRAM
13
EPROM/
ROM
Program
Memory
2K x 14
Program Counter
Data Bus
8
PORTA
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2
RA3/AN3/V
REF
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS/AN4
PORTB
8 Level Stack
(13-bit)
RAM
File
Registers
128 x 8
RAM Addr
(1)
9
Program
Bus
14
Instruction reg
Direct Addr
7
Addr MUX
8
Indirect
Addr
RB0/INT
RB7:RB1
FSR reg
STATUS reg
8
3
PORTC
Power-up
Timer
Instruction
Decode &
Control
Timing
Generation
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
Oscillator
Start-up Timer
Power-on
Reset
Watchdog
Timer
Brown-out
Reset
8
MUX
ALU
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC4/SDI/SDA
RC5/SDO
RC6
RC7
W reg
MCLR
V
DD
, V
SS
Timer0
Timer1
Timer2
A/D
Synchronous
Serial Port
CCP1
Note 1:
Higher order bits are from the STATUS register.
©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS39016A-page 3
PIC16C72 Series
TABLE 1-1
Pin Name
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
PIC16C72/CR72 PINOUT DESCRIPTION
Pin#
9
10
I/O/P
Type
I
O
Buffer
Type
Description
ST/CMOS
(3)
Oscillator crystal input/external clock source input.
—
Oscillator crystal output. Connects to crystal or resonator in crystal
oscillator mode. In RC mode, the OSC2 pin outputs CLKOUT which
has 1/4 the frequency of OSC1, and denotes the instruction cycle rate.
Master clear (reset) input or programming voltage input. This pin is an
active low reset to the device.
PORTA is a bi-directional I/O port.
RA0 can also be analog input0.
RA1 can also be analog input1.
RA2 can also be analog input2.
RA3 can also be analog input3 or analog reference voltage
RA4 can also be the clock input to the Timer0 module. Output is
open drain type.
RA5 can also be analog input4 or the slave select for the
synchronous serial port.
PORTB is a bi-directional I/O port. PORTB can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up on all inputs.
RB0 can also be the external interrupt pin.
MCLR/V
PP
1
I/P
ST
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2
RA3/AN3/V
REF
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS/AN4
2
3
4
5
6
7
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
TTL
TTL
TTL
TTL
ST
TTL
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6
RB7
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC4/SDI/SDA
RC5/SDO
RC6
RC7
V
SS
V
DD
Legend: I = input
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
8, 19
20
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
P
P
TTL/ST
(1)
TTL
TTL
TTL
TTL
TTL
TTL/ST
(2)
TTL/ST
(2)
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
—
—
Interrupt on change pin.
Interrupt on change pin.
Interrupt on change pin. Serial programming clock.
Interrupt on change pin. Serial programming data.
PORTC is a bi-directional I/O port.
RC0 can also be the Timer1 oscillator output or Timer1 clock
input.
RC1 can also be the Timer1 oscillator input.
RC2 can also be the Capture1 input/Compare1 output/PWM1
output.
RC3 can also be the synchronous serial clock input/output for both
SPI and I
2
C modes.
RC4 can also be the SPI Data In (SPI mode) or
data I/O (I
2
C mode).
RC5 can also be the SPI Data Out (SPI mode).
Ground reference for logic and I/O pins.
Positive supply for logic and I/O pins.
O = output
I/O = input/output
P = power
— = Not used
TTL = TTL input
ST = Schmitt Trigger input
Note 1:
This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured as the external interrupt.
2:
This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when used in serial programming mode.
3:
This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured in RC oscillator mode and a CMOS input otherwise
.
DS39016A-page 4
Preliminary
©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16C72 Series
2.0
MEMORY ORGANIZATION
FIGURE 2-1:
There are two memory blocks in PIC16C72 Series
devices. These are the program memory and the data
memory. Each block has its own bus, so that access to
both blocks can occur during the same oscillator cycle.
The data memory can further be broken down into the
general purpose RAM and the Special Function
Registers (SFRs). The operation of the SFRs that
control the “core” are described here. The SFRs used
to control the peripheral modules are described in the
section discussing each individual peripheral module.
Additional information on device memory may be found
in the PICmicro™ Mid-Range Reference Manual,
DS33023.
PROGRAM MEMORY MAP
AND STACK
PC<12:0>
CALL, RETURN
RETFIE, RETLW
13
Stack Level 1
Stack Level 8
Reset Vector
0000h
2.1
Program Memory Organization
User Memory
Space
Interrupt Vector
0004h
0005h
PIC16C72 Series devices have a 13-bit program
counter capable of addressing a 2K x 14 program
memory space. The address range for this program
memory is 0000h - 07FFh. Accessing a location above
the physically implemented address will cause a wrap-
around.
The reset vector is at 0000h and the interrupt vector is
at 0004h.
On-chip Program
Memory
07FFh
0800h
1FFFh
©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS39016A-page 5
