r
r
TCS3404, TCS3414
DIGITAL COLOR SENSORS
TAOS137A − APRIL 2011
Features
D
Programmable Interrupt Function with
User-Defined Upper and Lower Threshold
Settings
PACKAGE CS
6-LEAD CHIPSCALE
(TOP VIEW)
SCL
A1
SYNC
A2
GND
A3
D
Internal Filter Eliminates Signal Fluctuation
Due to AC Lighting Flicker — No External
Capacitor Required
D
In-Package Trim Provides an Easy and
Accurate Means to Achieve
System-to-System Repeatability
B1
SDA
B2
VDD
B3
INT
D
16-Bit Digital Output with I
2
C at 400 kHz
D
Programmable Analog Gain and Integration
Time Supporting 1,000,000-to-1 Dynamic
Range
PACKAGE FN
DUAL FLAT NO-LEAD
(TOP VIEW)
D
SYNC Input Synchronizes Integration Cycle
to Modulated Light Sources (e.g. PWM)
SCL 1
SYNC 2
SDA 3
6 GND
5 V
DD
4 INT
D
Operating Temperature Range
−405C to 855C (CS Package)
−305C to 705C (FN Package)
D
Operating voltage of 2.7 V to 3.6 V
D
Available in Both an FN and a CS Package.
The CS Package is the Industry’s Smallest
Digital RGB Color Sensor
Package Drawings are Not to Scale
Applications
D
Provides Method to Derive Chromaticity
Coordinates to Manage Display
Backlighting (i.e. RGB LED, CCFL, etc.)
D
Provides Means to Derive Color
Temperature to White-Color Balance
Displays Under Various Lighting
Conditions
End Products and Market Segments
D
HDTVs
D
Tablets, Laptops, Monitors
D
Medical Instrumentation
D
Consumer Toys
D
Industrial/Commercial Lighting
D
Industrial Process Control
Description
The TCS3404 and TCS3414 digital color light sensors are designed to accurately derive the color chromaticity
and illuminance (intensity) of ambient light and provide a digital output with 16-bits of resolution. The devices
include an 8
×
2 array of filtered photodiodes, analog-to-digital converters, and control functions on a single
monolithic CMOS integrated circuit. Of the 16 photodiodes, 4 have red filters, 4 have green filters, 4 have blue
filters, and 4 have no filter (clear). With the advanced patent pending in-package trim capability,
device-to-device and system-to-system tolerance can be minimized allowing very precise repeatability to be
attained.
The
LUMENOLOGY
r
Company
Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc.
1001 Klein Road
S
Suite 300
S
Plano, TX 75074
S
(972) 673-0759
r
www.taosinc.com
1
r
Copyright
E
2011, TAOS Inc.
TCS3404, TCS3414
DIGITAL COLOR SENSORS
TAOS137A − APRIL 2011
A synchronization input (SYNC) provides precise external control of sensor integration allowing the internal
conversion cycles to be synchronized to a pulsed light source. Furthermore, the synchronization feature
supports the following advanced modes of operation to maximize flexibility across a broad range of hardware
systems: (1) sync for one internal-time cycle, and (2) accumulate for specified number of pulses. The device
also supports free-running and serial-bus-controlled integration modes if precise coupling between the sensor
and light source is not required.
Four parallel analog-to-digital converters (ADC) transform the photodiode currents to an SMBus (TCS3404) or
I
2
C (TCS3414) digital output that, in turn, can be input to a microprocessor. The RGB values can be read in a
single read cycle to minimize the number of read command protocols defined in the communication interface.
The slave address for this device is 39h (0111001b). A single SMB-Alert style interrupt (TCS3404) as well as
a single traditional
level-style
interrupt (TCS3414) can be dynamically configured for any one of the four
channels including a corresponding high/low threshold setting. The interrupt will remain asserted until the
firmware clears the interrupt.
The TCS3404/14 devices can help (1) automatically adjust the display brightness of a backlight to extend
battery, increase lamp life, and provide optimum viewing in diverse lighting conditions, (2) white-color balance
display panel and/or captured images in diverse lighting conditions, and (3) manage RGB LED backlighting to
maintain color consistency over a long period of time.
These devices are also ideal in controlling keyboard illumination in low ambient light conditions. Chromaticity
coordinates (x,y) can be used to derive color temperature for the purpose of white-color balancing of displays
and/or captured images. Illuminance, in lux, can be used to approximate the human eye response of ambient
light and to manage exposure control in digital cameras. The TCS3404/14 devices are ideal in notebook/tablet
PCs, LCD monitors, flat-panel televisions, cell phones, and digital cameras. Additional applications include
street light control, security lighting, sunlight harvesting, and automotive instrumentation clusters.
Functional Block Diagram
IR-Blocking Filter
(CS Package Only)
Integrating
A/D Converter
Red Channel
Integrating
A/D Converter
Green Channel
Integrating
A/D Converter
Blue Channel
Integrating
A/D Converter
Clear Channel
V
DD
Command
Register
Synchronization
4-Parallel ADC
Registers
Interrupt
INT
SCL
SYNC
Two-Wire Serial Interface
SDA
Copyright
E
2011, TAOS Inc.
r
r
The
LUMENOLOGY
r
Company
2
www.taosinc.com
TCS3404, TCS3414
DIGITAL COLOR SENSORS
TAOS137A − APRIL 2011
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
NAME
GND
INT
SCL
SDA
SYNC
V
DD
CS PKG
NO.
A3
B3
A1
B1
A2
B2
FN PKG
NO.
6
4
1
3
2
5
O
I
I/O
I
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
Power supply ground. All voltages are referenced to GND.
Level interrupt — open drain.
Serial clock input terminal — clock signal for I
2
C serial data.
Serial data I/O terminal — serial data I/O for I
2
C.
Synchronous input.
Supply voltage.
Available Options
DEVICE
TCS3404
TCS3404
TCS3413
TCS3413
TCS3414
†
TCS3414
†
TCS3415
TCS3415
TCS3416
TCS3416
†
INTERFACE
SMBus
SMBus
I
2
C
I
2
C
I
2
C
I
2
C
I
2
C
I
2
C
I
2
C
I
2
C
I
2
C ADDRESS
−
−
0x29
0x29
0x39
0x39
0x49
0x49
0x59
0x59
PACKAGE − LEADS
Chipscale−6
Dual Flat No-Lead−6
Chipscale−6
Dual Flat No-Lead−6
Chipscale−6
Dual Flat No-Lead−6
Chipscale−6
Dual Flat No-Lead−6
Chipscale−6
Dual Flat No-Lead−6
PACKAGE DESIGNATOR
CS
FN
CS
FN
CS
FN
CS
FN
CS
FN
ORDERING NUMBER
TCS3404CS
TCS3404FN
TCS3413CS
TCS3413FN
TCS3414CS
TCS3414FN
TCS3415CS
TCS3415FN
TCS3416CS
TCS3416FN
Recommended device for single-device systems..
Absolute Maximum Ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
†
Supply voltage, V
DD
(see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 V
Digital output voltage range, V
O
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.5 V to 3.8 V
Digital output current, I
O
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −1 mA to 20 mA
Storage temperature range, T
stg
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −40°C to 85°C
ESD tolerance, human body model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 V
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTE 1: All voltages are with respect to GND.
Recommended Operating Conditions
MIN
Supply voltage, V
DD
Operating free-air temperature, T
A
(CS PAckage)
Operating free-air temperature, T
A
(FN PAckage)
SCL, SDA input low voltage, V
IL
SCL, SDA input high voltage, V
IH
2.7
−40
−30
−0.5
2.1
NOM
3
MAX
3.6
85
70
0.8
3.6
UNIT
V
°C
°C
V
V
The
LUMENOLOGY
r
Company
r
r
www.taosinc.com
Copyright
E
2011, TAOS Inc.
3
TCS3404, TCS3414
DIGITAL COLOR SENSORS
TAOS137A − APRIL 2011
Electrical Characteristics, T
A
= 255C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
Power on (ADC inactive)
I
DD
V
OL
I
LEAK
Supply current @ V
DD
= 3.6 V
INT, SDA output low voltage
Input leakage current (SDA, SCL, SYNC)
Power on (ADC active)
Power down
3 mA sink current
V
IH
= V
DD,
V
IL
= GND
0
−5
MIN
TYP
7.7
8.7
700
MAX
10
11
1000
0.4
5
UNIT
mA
mA
μA
V
μA
AC Electrical Characteristics, V
DD
= 3.3 V, T
A
= 255C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
†
Clock frequency 400 kHz (I
2
C)
f
(SCL)
t
(BUF)
t
(HDSTA)
t
(SUSTA)
t
(SUSTO)
t
(HDDAT)
t
(SUDAT)
t
(LOW)
t
(HIGH)
t
(TIMEOUT)
t
F
t
R
C
i
t
LOW (SYNC)
t
HIGH (SYNC)
t
F (SYNC)
t
R (SYNC)
†
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
0
10
1.3
0.6
0.6
0.6
0
100
1.3
0.6
25
TYP
MAX
400
100
UNIT
kHz
kHz
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
ns
μs
μs
Clock frequency 100 kHz (SMBus)
Bus free time between start and stop condition
Hold time after (repeated) start condition. After
this period, the first clock is generated.
Repeated start condition setup time
Stop condition setup time
Data hold time
Data setup time
SCL clock low period
SCL clock high period
Detect clock/data low timeout (SMBus only)
Clock/data fall time
Clock/data rise time
Input pin capacitance
SYNC low period (see Figure 1)
SYNC high period (see Figure 1)
SYNC fall time (see Figure 1)
SYNC rise time (see Figure 1)
0.9
35
300
300
10
50
50
50
50
ms
ns
ns
pF
μs
μs
ns
ns
Specified by design and characterization; not production tested.
t
LOW (SYNC)
t
R (SYNC)
t
F (SYNC)
t
HIGH (SYNC)
Figure 1. Timing Diagram for Sync
Copyright
E
2011, TAOS Inc.
r
r
The
LUMENOLOGY
r
Company
4
www.taosinc.com
TCS3404, TCS3414
DIGITAL COLOR SENSORS
TAOS137A − APRIL 2011
Optical Characteristics, V
DD
= 3 V, T
A
= 255C, GAIN = 64y, Tint = 12ms (unless otherwise noted) (see
Notes 1 and 2)
PARAMETER
TEST
CONDITIONS
λ
p
= 470 nm,
See Note 3
λ
p
= 524 nm,
See Note 4
λ
p
= 640 nm,
See Note 5
λ
p
= 470 nm,
See Note 3
λ
p
= 524 nm,
See Note 4
λ
p
= 640 nm,
See Note 5
Red Channel
MIN
0%
0%
80%
0%
0%
80%
TYP
MAX
15%
15%
110%
15%
15%
110%
Green Channel
MIN
15%
60%
0%
10%
60%
0%
TYP
MAX
50%
90%
15%
50%
90%
15%
Blue Channel
MIN
65%
0%
0%
65%
0%
0%
TYP
MAX
90%
35%
15%
90%
35%
15%
Clear Channel
MIN
59.0
71.2
80.6
56.3
72.5
TYP
65.6
76.9
90.1
62.5
78.4
MAX
72.5
82.7
99.5
69.1
84.3
116.3
(counts/
μW/
cm
2
)
(counts/
μW/
cm
2
)
UNIT
R
e
Irradiance
responsivity
(CS
package)
R
e
Irradiance
responsivity
(FN
package)
94.2 105.3
NOTES: 1. The percentage shown represents the ratio of the respective red, green, or blue channel value to the clear channel value.
2. Optical measurements are made using small-angle incident radiation from a light-emitting diode (LED) optical source.
3. The 470 nm input irradiance is supplied by an
InGaN
light-emitting diode with the following characteristics:
peak wavelength
λ
p
= 470 nm, spectral halfwidth
Δλ½
= 35 nm, and luminous efficacy = 75 lm/W.
4. The 524 nm input irradiance is supplied by an
InGaN
light-emitting diode with the following characteristics:
peak wavelength
λ
p
= 524 nm, spectral halfwidth
Δλ½
= 47 nm, and luminous efficacy = 520 lm/W.
5. The 640 nm input irradiance is supplied by a AlInGaP light-emitting diode with the following characteristics:
peak wavelength
λ
p
= 640 nm, spectral halfwidth
Δλ½
= 17 nm, and luminous efficacy = 155 lm/W.
6. Illuminance responsivity R
v
is calculated from the irradiance responsivity R
e
by using the LED luminous efficacy values stated in
notes 3, 4, and 5 and using 1 lx = 1 lm/m
2
.
Operating Characteristics, V
DD
= 3 V, T
A
= 255C, (unless otherwise noted) (see Notes 2, 3, and 4)
PARAMETER
4
×
Gain scaling, relative to 1
×
gain setting
Dark ADC count value
Maximum digital count value
f
osc
Oscillator frequency
Internal integration time tolerance
Temperature coefficient of responsivity (SYNC mode)
λ
700 nm, − 40°C
T
A
85°C
16
×
64
×
E
e
= 0, 64
×
gain setting, T
int
= 400 ms
Prescale = 1, T
int
= 400 ms (Note 1)
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
3.8
15.2
60.8
0
4.2
−5
±
200
TYP
4
16
64
3
4.4
MAX
4.2
16.8
67.2
15
65535
4.6
5
counts
counts
MHz
%
ppm/°C
UNIT
NOTES: 1. At shorter integration times and/or higher Prescale settings, the device will reach saturation of the analog section before the digital
count reaches the maximum 16-bit value. The worst-case (lowest) analog saturation value can be obtained using the formula: Analog
saturation = (fosc(min)
×
Tint)
÷
Prescale, where Fosc(min) is the minimum oscillator frequency in Hz, and tint is the actual integration
time (internal, manually-timed, or sync-generated) in seconds.
2. Gain is controlled by the gain register (07h) described in the Register section.
3. Measurements taken when the Photodiode field value in the Photodiode Register (06h) is 00b and when the Prescaler field value
in the Gain Register (07h) is 000b.
4. The full scale ADC count value is slew-rate limited for short integration times and is limited by the 16-bit counter for long integration
times. The nominal transition between the two regions is t
int
= 65535/5000 = 13.1 ms.
The
LUMENOLOGY
r
Company
r
r
www.taosinc.com
Copyright
E
2011, TAOS Inc.
5
