INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I,
TL431AI, LM431AC
Adjustable precision shunt regulators
Product specification
1997 Feb 25
Philips
Semiconductors
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Adjustable precision shunt regulators
TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I,
TL431AI, LM431AC
DESCRIPTION
The TL431 and TL431A are 3-terminal adjustable shunt regulators
with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive and
commercial temperature ranges. The output voltage may be set to
any value between V
REF
(approximately 2.5V) and 36V with two
external resistors (see Figure 4). These devices have a typical
output impedance of 0.2Ω. Active output circuitry provides a very
sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent
replacements for zener diodes in many applications like on-board
regulation, adjustable power supplies and switching power supplies.
The TL431C and TL431AC are characterized for operation from
0°C to +70°C; the TL431I and TL431AI are characterized for
operation from –40°C to +85°C.
PIN CONFIGURATIONS
M, D Package
TOP VIEW
CATHODE
ANODE
ANODE
NC
1
2
3
4
SOT96-1
8
7
6
5
REF
ANODE
ANODE
NC
N, P Package
TOP VIEW
CATHODE
1
2
3
4
SOT97-1
8
7
6
5
REF
NC
ANODE
NC
FEATURES
NC
NC
NC
•
Equivalent full-range temperature coefficient: 30ppm/°C
•
0.2Ω typical output impedance
•
Sink current capability: 1mA to 100mA
•
Low output noise
•
Adjustable output voltage: V
REF
to 36V
Z, LP, U Package
CATHODE
ANODE
SOT54
REF
SL01167
Figure 1. Pin Configuration
ORDERING INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
3-Pin Plastic TO92
2
3-Pin Plastic TO92
2
3-Pin Plastic TO92
3-Pin Plastic TO92
2
TEMPERATURE
RANGE
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
–40°C to +85°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
INDUSTRY STANDARD
PART NUMBER
TL431CLP
TL431ACLP
TL431ILP
TL431AILP
LM431ACZ
TL431CD
TL431ID
TL431ACD
TL431AID
LM431ACM
TL431CP
TL431IP
TL431ACP
TL431AIP
ORDER CODE
TL431CLPU
TL431ACLPU
TL431ILPU
TL431AILPU
LM431ACZU
TL431CD
TL431ID
TL431ACD
TL431AID
LM431ACMD
TL431CPN
TL431IPN
TL431ACPN
TL431AIPN
DWG #
SOT54
SOT54
SOT54
SOT54
SOT54
SOT96-1
SOT96-1
SOT96-1
SOT96-1
SOT96-1
SOT97-1
SOT97-1
SOT97-1
SOT97-1
3-Pin Plastic TO92
2
2
8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package
8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package
8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package
8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package
8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package
8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP)
8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP)
8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP)
8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP)
NOTE:
1. SYMBOL INFORMATION: Parts will be marked with product name including temperature and electrical grade desginators, but not the
package identifier.
2. TO92 is normally shipped in bulk, i.e., in plastic bags (containing 1,000 parts), 5 bags per box. Tape and reel (or ammo box) is an option.
See page 15 for information.
1997 Feb 25
2
853–1927 17795
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Adjustable precision shunt regulators
TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I,
TL431AI, LM431AC
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SYMBOL
V
KA
PARAMETER
Cathode voltage (see Note 1)
Continuous cathode current range
Reference input current range
T
amb
T
STG
Operating free-air temperature range
C suffix
I suffix
Temperature storage range
Lead temperature 1.6mm (1/16 in.) from case for 10 sec: D or P pkgs
Lead temperature 1.6mm (1/16 in.) from case for 60 sec: LP pkg
NOTE:
1. Voltage values are with respect to the anode terminal unless otherwise noted.
RATING
37
–100 to +150
0.05 to 10
0 to +70
–40 to +85
–65 to 150
260
300
UNITS
V
mA
mA
°C
°C
°C
°C
°C
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
SYMBOL
V
KA
I
K
Cathode voltage
Cathode current
PARAMETER
MIN
V
REF
1
MAX
36
100
UNITS
V
mA
Table 1. Dissipation Rating Table – Free-Air Temperature
Package
D
LP
P
Derating Factor Above T
amb
= 25°C
5.8mW/°C
6.2mW/°C
8.0mW/°C
T
amb
= 25°C
Power Rating
725mW
775mW
1000mW
T
amb
= 70°C
Power Rating
464mW
496mW
640mW
T
amb
= 85°C
Power Rating
429mW
403mW
520mW
CATHODE
R4
800
R3
800
C1
20p
REF
Q5
Q4
Q3
Q2
QD6
Q7
R5
3.28K
R2
150
Q1
R7
320
R1
10K
Qq1
R11
2.4K
R10
7.2K
C2
20p
Q9
Q10
R8
1000
Q11
R9
800
ANODE
Q8
QD2
SL01188
Figure 2. Equivalent Schematic
1997 Feb 25
3
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Adjustable precision shunt regulators
TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I,
TL431AI, LM431AC
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
25°C free-air temperature, unless otherwise stated.
LIMITS
SYMBOL
V
REF
V
REF(dev)
DV
REF
DV
KA
I
REF
I
REF(dev)
I
MIN
I
OFF
| Z
KA
|
PARAMETER
Reference input voltage
Deviation of reference input
voltage over full
temperature range
3
Ratio of change in reference
in ut
input voltage to the change
in cathode voltage
Reference input current
Deviation of reference input
current over full temperature
range
3
Minimum cathode current
for regulation
Off-state cathode current
Dynamic impedance
4
TEST
CKT
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
V
KA
= V
REF
, I
K
= 10mA
V
KA
= V
REF
, I
K
= 10mA,
T
amb
= full range
2
I
K
= 10mA
∆V
KA
= 10V – V
REF
∆V
KA
= 36V – 10V
2470
TL431AC
TYP
2495
4
–1.4
–1
2
0.8
0.4
0.1
0.2
MAX
2520
15
–2.7
–2
4
1.2
0.6
0.5
0.5
TL431C/LM431AC
MIN
2440
TYP
2495
4
–1.4
–1
2
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.2
MAX
2550
17
–2.7
mV/V
–2
4
1.2
1
1
0.5
µA
µA
mA
µA
Ω
mV
mV
UNIT
Fig.
Fig 4
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Fig. 3
Fig. 5
Fig. 3
I
K
= 10mA, R
1
= 10kΩ, R
2
=
∞
I
K
= 10mA, R
1
= 10kΩ, R
2
=
∞,
T
amb
= full range
2
V
KA
= V
REF
V
KA
= 36V, V
REF
= 0
V
KA
= V
REF
, I
K
= 1mA to 100mA,
f
≤
1kHz
25°C free-air temperature, unless otherwise stated.
LIMITS
SYMBOL
V
REF
V
REF(dev)
DV
REF
DV
KA
I
REF
I
REF(dev)
I
MIN
I
OFF
| Z
KA
|
PARAMETER
Reference input voltage
Deviation of reference input
voltage over full
temperature range
3
Ratio of change in reference
in ut
input voltage to the change
in cathode voltage
Reference input current
Deviation of reference input
current over full temperature
range
3
Minimum cathode current
for regulation
Off-state cathode current
Dynamic impedance
4
TEST
CKT
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
V
KA
= V
REF
, I
K
= 10mA
V
KA
= V
REF
, I
K
= 10mA,
T
amb
= full range
2
I
K
= 10mA
∆V
KA
= 10V – V
REF
∆V
KA
= 36V – 10V
2470
TL431AI
TYP
2495
5
–1.4
–1
2
0.8
0.4
0.1
0.2
MAX
2520
25
–2.7
–2
4
2.5
0.7
0.5
0.5
MIN
2440
TL431I
TYP
2495
5
–1.4
–1
2
0.8
0.4
0.1
0.2
MAX
2550
30
–2.7
mV/V
–2
4
2.5
1
1
0.5
µA
µA
µA
µA
Ω
mV
mV
UNIT
Fig.
Fig 4
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Fig. 3
Fig. 5
Fig. 3
I
K
= 10mA, R
1
= 10kΩ, R
2
=
∞
I
K
= 10mA, R
1
= 10kΩ, R
2
=
∞,
T
amb
= full range
2
V
KA
= V
REF
V
KA
= 36V, V
REF
= 0
V
KA
= V
REF
, I
K
= 1mA to 100mA,
f
≤
1kHz
NOTES:
2. Full temperature range is –40°C to +85°C for the TL431I and TL431AI, and 0°C to +70°C for the TL431C and TL431AC.
3. The deviation parameters V
REF(dev)
and I
REF(dev)
are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over
the rated termperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage,
αV
REF
, is defined as:
V REF(dev)
at 25 oC
|
aV
REF
|
ppm
deg C
+
V REF
@
10
6
Max VREF
VREF(dev)
Min VREF
∆T
amb
DT
amb
where
∆T
amb
is the rated operating free-air temperature range of the device.
1997 Feb 25
4
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Adjustable precision shunt regulators
TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I,
TL431AI, LM431AC
αV
REF
can be positive or negative depending on whether minimum V
REF
of maximum V
REF
, respectively, occurs at the lower temperature.
Example: Max V
REF
= 2496mV at 30°C, Min V
REF
= 2492mV at 0°C, V
REF
= 2495mV at 25°C, DTA = 70°C for TL431C.
|
aV
REF
|
+
4mV
@
2495mV
70
o
C
10
6
+
23ppm
o
C
Because minimum V
REF
occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive.
4. The dynamic impedance is defined as: | Z |
+
DV
KA
KA
DI
K
When the device is operating with two external resistors, (see Figure xx), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by:
| Z |
+
DV
[
| Z
KA
| 1
)
R1
R2
DI
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
INPUT
I
K
V
KA
INPUT
I
off
V
KA
V
ref
SL01177
SL01179
Figure 3. Test Circuit for V
KA
= V
ref
Figure 5. Test Circuit for I
OFF
INPUT
I
K
I
ref
V
KA
R1
R2
V
ref
V
KA
+
V
ref
1
)
R1
)
I
ref
R2
R1
SL01178
Figure 4. Test Circuit for V
KA
> V
ref
1997 Feb 25
5
