提出了应用于QoS路由选择的一种新遗传算法，该算法给出了基于跳数优先原则的初始种群生成办法，以及邻近交叉和前向变异两个关键算子。算法的主要优点表现为初始种群生成独立于网络拓扑的度量参数，交叉产生了多样性新个体，以及变异有效抑制算法退化等。对随机生成的不同规模的网络拓扑结构进行仿真，结果表明该算法是有效的。The most problems of multi-constrained QoS routing are NP-completeness. In this paper, a novel genetic algorithm is given which is applied to QoS routing. The principle of hop-prior is presented to generate an initial population. Simultaneously, two operators of vicinity crossover and forward mutation are brought forward. The primary advantages of this algorithm are shown as below: the population initialization is independent on the metrics in a network, the new personals born of crossover are diversified, and mutation depresses the algorithm devolutions effectively. At last, the simulations on differ-scale networks randomly created demonstrate that this algorithm is effective.