Low-Pass Sigma-Delta Modulators: Principles and Architectures

Outline：

● Introduction

● Basic Concepts

◆Quantization and Quantization Errors

◆Sampling and Sampling Errors

● Noise Shaping

◆The Concept of Oversampling

◆The Concept of Error Feedback and Noise Shaping

● Architectures

◆Single-Loop

◆Multi-Bit

◆Cascaded

● Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta Modulators

● State-of-the-Art on HF CMOS Sigma-Delta Modulators