提出了一种基于无线收发模块和单片机构成的机车故障检测系统，该系统能够通过PIC16C74 单片机控制机车智能检测仪，实现对被检测点的电阻值实时采集、处理、传输等功能，借助无线数据传输模块PTR2000 实现了人机交互控制。通过测试表明，该系统控制方便、工作稳定，能实现可靠的无线数据传输。关键词：故障诊断；无线传输；PTR2000Abstract: This paper introduces a locomotive failure diagnosis system based on wirelesstransmission and single chip microcomputer. The system can control the locomotive electriccircuit intelligent detector via PIC16C74 MCU in order to acquire, process and transmit thereal-time datum of the Resistance, thus, man machine mutual control comes into true in virtue of wireless transmission module PTR2000. Besides, the results of application show that the system is convenient to control and stable to perform, implements reliable wireless data transmission.Key words: Fault diagnosis; Wireless transmission; PTR2000