2019年07月26日 | STM32原有的MDK工程下移植到GCC环境

1. 增加 STM32F429IGTx_FLASH.ld  这个文件存放芯片内存信息

            STM32F429IGTx_FLASH.ld主要存放的是芯片内存的信息，堆栈大小，RAM，Flash大小， MEMORY{ }中存放的内存段，程序中有使用明确内存的地址的地方要在这里定义。

/* Entry Point */

ENTRY(Reset_Handler)

/* Highest address of the user mode stack */

_estack = 0x20020000;    /* end of RAM */

/* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */

_Min_Heap_Size = 0x400;      /* required amount of heap  */

_Min_Stack_Size = 0x800; /* required amount of stack */

/*

RAM 内部RAM

FlASH 内部FLASH

EXTSRAM 外部SRAM

CCMSRAM 内部CCM

EXTABLE malloc.c中内存管理用

CCMTABLE malloc.c中内存管理用

LCDMEM 显存

*/

/* Specify the memory areas */

MEMORY

{

RAM (xrw)       : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 128K

FLASH (rx)      : ORIGIN = 0x08040000, LENGTH = 768K

EXTSRAM(xrw)    : ORIGIN = 0XC01F4000, LENGTH = 28912K

CCMSRAM(xrw)    : ORIGIN = 0X10000000, LENGTH = 60K

EXTABLE(xrw)    : ORIGIN = 0xC1E30000, LENGTH = 1807K

CCMTABLE(xrw)   : ORIGIN = 0x1000f000, LENGTH = 4K

LCDMEM(xrw)     : ORIGIN = 0xC0000000, LENGTH = 1500K

}

/* Define output sections */

SECTIONS

{

  /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */

  .isr_vector :

  {

    . = ALIGN(4);

    KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */

    . = ALIGN(4);

  } >FLASH

  /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */

  .text :

  {

    . = ALIGN(4);

    *(.text)           /* .text sections (code) */

    *(.text*)          /* .text* sections (code) */

    *(.glue_7)         /* glue arm to thumb code */

    *(.glue_7t)        /* glue thumb to arm code */

    *(.eh_frame)

    KEEP (*(.init))

    KEEP (*(.fini))

    . = ALIGN(4);

    _etext = .;        /* define a global symbols at end of code */

  } >FLASH

  /* Constant data goes into FLASH */

  .rodata :

  {

    . = ALIGN(4);

    *(.rodata)         /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */

    *(.rodata*)        /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */

    . = ALIGN(4);

  } >FLASH

  .ARM.extab   : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH

  .ARM : {

    __exidx_start = .;

    *(.ARM.exidx*)

    __exidx_end = .;

  } >FLASH

  .preinit_array     :

  {

    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);

    KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))

    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);

  } >FLASH

  .init_array :

  {

    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);

    KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))

    KEEP (*(.init_array*))

    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);

  } >FLASH

  .fini_array :

  {

    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);

    KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))

    KEEP (*(.fini_array*))

    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);

  } >FLASH

  /* used by the startup to initialize data */

  _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);

  /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */

  .data : 

  {

    . = ALIGN(4);

    _sdata = .;        /* create a global symbol at data start */

    *(.data)           /* .data sections */

    *(.data*)          /* .data* sections */

    . = ALIGN(4);

    _edata = .;        /* define a global symbol at data end */

  } >RAM AT> FLASH

  /* Uninitialized data section */

  . = ALIGN(4);

  .bss :

  {

    /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */

    _sbss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss start */

    __bss_start__ = _sbss;

    *(.bss)

    *(.bss*)

    *(COMMON)

    . = ALIGN(4);

    _ebss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss end */

    __bss_end__ = _ebss;

  } >RAM

  /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */

  ._user_heap_stack :

  {

    . = ALIGN(8);

    PROVIDE ( end = . );

    PROVIDE ( _end = . );

    . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;

    . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;

    . = ALIGN(8);

  } >RAM

  /* Remove information from the standard libraries */

  /DISCARD/ :

  {

    libc.a ( * )

    libm.a ( * )

    libgcc.a ( * )

  }

  .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }

/* 可用外部内存 */

  .extsram 0XC01F4000 (NOLOAD):

  {

    . = ALIGN(4);

*(.exsram)

*(.exsram*)

. = ALIGN(4);

  } AT > EXTSRAM

/* 可用CCM内存 */

  .ccmsram 0x10000000 (NOLOAD):

  {

    . = ALIGN(4);

*(.ccmsram)

*(.ccmsram*)

. = ALIGN(4);

  } AT > CCMSRAM

/* 外部内存管理 */  

  .exttable 0xC1E30000 (NOLOAD):

  {

   . = ALIGN(4);

*(.extable)

*(.extable*)

   . = ALIGN(4);

  } AT > EXTABLE

/* 内部CCM内存管理 */

  .ccmtable 0x1000f000 (NOLOAD):

  {

   . = ALIGN(4);

*(.ccmtable)

*(.ccmtable*)

   . = ALIGN(4);

  } AT > CCMTABLE

/* LCD显存 */

  .lcdmem 0xC0000000 (NOLOAD):

  {

   . = ALIGN(4);

*(.lcdmem)

*(.lcdmem*)

   . = ALIGN(4);

  } AT > LCDMEM

}

2. 增加 Makefile 文件

        Makefile 可以用STM32cubeMX直接生成，其格式也可以参考。这里放一个用STM32cubeMX生成的

######################################

# target

######################################

TARGET = 12

######################################

# building variables

######################################

# debug build?

DEBUG = 1

# optimization

OPT = -Og

#######################################

# paths

#######################################

# Build path

BUILD_DIR = build

######################################

# source

######################################

# C sources

C_SOURCES = 

Src/main.c

# ASM sources

ASM_SOURCES = 

startup_stm32f439xx.s

#######################################

# binaries

#######################################

PREFIX = arm-none-eabi-

# The gcc compiler bin path can be either defined in make command via GCC_PATH variable (> make GCC_PATH=xxx)

# either it can be added to the PATH environment variable.

ifdef GCC_PATH

CC = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc

AS = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp

CP = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)objcopy

SZ = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)size

else

CC = $(PREFIX)gcc

AS = $(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp

CP = $(PREFIX)objcopy

SZ = $(PREFIX)size

endif

HEX = $(CP) -O ihex

BIN = $(CP) -O binary -S

#######################################

# CFLAGS

#######################################

# cpu

CPU = -mcpu=cortex-m4

# fpu

FPU = -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16

# float-abi

FLOAT-ABI = -mfloat-abi=hard

# mcu

MCU = $(CPU) -mthumb $(FPU) $(FLOAT-ABI)

# macros for gcc

# AS defines

AS_DEFS = 

# C defines

C_DEFS = 

-DUSE_HAL_DRIVER

-DSTM32F439xx

# AS includes

AS_INCLUDES = 

-IInc

# C includes

C_INCLUDES = 

-IInc

# compile gcc flags

ASFLAGS = $(MCU) $(AS_DEFS) $(AS_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

CFLAGS = $(MCU) $(C_DEFS) $(C_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)

CFLAGS += -g -gdwarf-2

endif

# Generate dependency information

CFLAGS += -MMD -MP -MF"$(@:%.o=%.d)"

#######################################

# LDFLAGS

#######################################

# link script

LDSCRIPT = STM32F439IGTx_FLASH.ld

# libraries

LIBS = -lc -lm -lnosys 

LIBDIR = 

LDFLAGS = $(MCU) -specs=nano.specs -T$(LDSCRIPT) $(LIBDIR) $(LIBS) -Wl,-Map=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections

# default action: build all

all: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).hex $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).bin

#######################################

# build the application

#######################################

# list of objects

OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(C_SOURCES:.c=.o)))

vpath %.c $(sort $(dir $(C_SOURCES)))

# list of ASM program objects

OBJECTS += $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(ASM_SOURCES:.s=.o)))

vpath %.s $(sort $(dir $(ASM_SOURCES)))

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.c Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR) 

$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(notdir $(<:.c=.lst)) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.s Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)

$(AS) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS) Makefile

$(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@

$(SZ) $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.hex: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)

$(HEX) $< $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.bin: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)

$(BIN) $< $@

$(BUILD_DIR):

mkdir $@

#######################################

# clean up

#######################################

clean:

-rm -fR $(BUILD_DIR)

#######################################

# dependencies

#######################################

-include $(wildcard $(BUILD_DIR)/*.d)

# *** EOF ***

3. 替换 CORE/startup_stm32f429xx.s 文件  在STM32库中可以查到，共三个版本 GCC、MDK、IAR

4. 增加 CORE/cmsis_gcc.h 文件 GCC环境

5. 修改 SYSTEM/src/sys.c 文件 GCC环境

       文件底部的汇编部分需要修改

//THUMB指令不支持汇编内联

//采用如下方法实现执行汇编指令WFI  

void WFI_SET (void)

{

__asm__ __volatile__("WFI");

}

//关闭所有中断(但是不包括fault和NMI中断)

void INTX_DISABLE(void)

{

__asm__ __volatile__("CPSID   I");